硒的生物学作用及对猪生产的研究进展  

Research progress on the biological effects of selenium on pig production

作　　者：曲盛卿 刘新洋 吴查文 邵琳森 蔡天祺 孔维键 杨馥嘉 李易[1] 张家硕 乔富博 贾展鹏 刘宏宇 李玟 苏晴 张子涵 刘显军[1] 陈静[1] QU Shengqing;LIU Xinyang;WU Chawen;SHAO Linsen;CAI Tianqi;KONG Weijian;YANG Fujia;LI Yi;ZHANG Jiashuo;QIAO Fubo;JIA Zhanpeng;LIU Hongyu;LI Wen;SU Qing;ZHANG Zhihan;LIU Xianjun;CHEN Jing(College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang 110866)

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学动物科学与医学学院,辽宁沈阳110866

出　　处：《养猪》2024年第4期25-30,共6页Swine Production

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“引进猪种配套系组合筛选”(2023YFD1300204);辽宁省科技攻关项目(2022JH1/10400014);辽宁省种质创新藏粮于技专项(2023JH1/10200006)。

摘　　要：硒作为一种化学元素,硒的赋存状态大概可分为三类,一类以独立矿物形式存在,其次以类质同像形式存在,第三以黏土矿物吸附形式存在。硒是维持动物体内平衡所必需的微量元素。它表现出强大的抗氧化、抗炎和潜在的抗菌能力。硒的生物学功能主要是通过其作为硒半胱氨酸的一种形式存在于硒蛋白中来实现。硒缺乏可能导致一系列疾病,影响多种器官和系统。为预防一系列疾病,主要常采用有机(即硒代蛋氨酸和硒代半胱氨酸)、无机(即硒酸盐和亚硒酸盐)来源作为添加剂。在家畜饲粮中补充硒已被用于改善生长性能、免疫功能和肉质。实验表明,补充硒与动物的整体健康呈正相关,特别是免疫调节活性和保护免受氧化损伤。硒还具有潜在的抗病毒活性,通过保护免疫细胞免受氧化损伤和减少病毒复制来实现。本文综述硒在家畜机体内的吸收与代谢以及抗氧化、抗菌、抗病毒和免疫调节作用。Selenium as a chemical element,the occurrence state of selenium can be roughly divided into three cat-egories:one exists in the form of independent minerals,the second exists in the form of homomorphism,and the third exists in the form of clay minerals adsorption.Selenium is an essential trace mineral for maintaining homeo-stasis in animals.It exhibits powerful antioxidant,anti-inflammatory and potential antibacterial properties.The biological function of selenium is mainly achieved by its presence in selenium proteins as a form of selenocysteine.Selenium deficiency can lead to a range of diseases affecting many organs and systems;To prevent a range of dis-ease conditions,organic(i.e.Selenomethionine and selenocysteine)inorganic(i.e.Selenate and selenite)sources are commonly used as additives.In domestic animals,dietary supplementation of selenium has been used to improve growth performance,immune function and meat quality.Experiments have shown that selenium supple-mentation is positively associated with the overall health of animals,especially immunomodulatory activity and pro-tection from oxidative damage.Selenium also has potential antiviral activity,which is achieved by protecting im-mune cells from oxidative damage and reducing viral replication.This article reviews the absorption and metabolism of selenium in domestic animals,as well as its antioxidant,antibacterial,antiviral and immunomodulatory effects.

关 键 词：硒 猪 抗氧化 免疫调节 

分 类 号：S852[农业科学—基础兽医学]