齿面点蚀对直齿轮副时变啮合刚度及振动响应的影响分析  

Influence of tooth pitting on time-varying mesh stiffness and vibration response of a spur gear pair

作　　者：侯静玉 杨绍普[2] 刘永强 HOU Jingyu;YANG Shaopu;LIU Yongqiang(College of Statistics and Mathematics,Hebei University of Economics and Business,Shijiazhuang 050061,China;State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and System Safety of Traffic Engineering Structures,Shijiazhuang Tiedao University,Shijiazhuang 050043,China;School of Mechanical Engineering,Shijiazhuang Tiedao University,Shijiazhuang 050043,China)

机构地区：[1]河北经贸大学统计与数学学院,石家庄050061 [2]石家庄铁道大学省部共建交通工程结构力学行为与系统安全国家重点实验室,石家庄050043 [3]石家庄铁道大学机械工程学院,石家庄050043

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2024年第16期278-286,共9页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：河北省教育厅科学研究项目(BJK2024197);国家自然科学基金(12172235,12072208,52072249);国铁集团科研计划重点课题(N2021J032);河北省科技计划项目(20310803D);河北省自然科学基金(A2020210028)。

摘　　要：齿面点蚀作为齿轮传动中最常见的故障之一,它的存在直接影响齿轮副的时变啮合刚度(time-varying meshing stiffness, TVMS),进而导致系统动态特性的改变。鉴于此,将每个点蚀形状近似地视为椭圆柱的一部分,根据点蚀的分布位置和数量定义了三种损伤级别:轻度点蚀、中度点蚀和重度点蚀。基于势能法计算并比较了无故障齿轮和含有不同程度点蚀齿轮的TVMS,讨论了点蚀位置和点蚀尺寸对TVMS的影响。研究了单级直齿圆柱齿轮传动系统的故障动态特性,并利用动力传动故障诊断综合试验台对理论结果进行了定性验证。结果表明,该研究中的齿面点蚀模型与实际点蚀形貌更接近。随着点蚀位置参数的增大,点蚀区域由基圆逐渐向齿顶圆方向移动;点蚀长轴长越长,点蚀区域内TVMS的减小量越明显;在相同的主动轮角位移变化范围内,随着短轴长的变化,不同程度的点蚀故障引起的啮合刚度的减小量是相同的。所建模型能够预测齿轮系统的啮合刚度及振动行为,相应的振动分析结果为齿面点蚀故障的检测和诊断提供了理论参考。As one of the most common faults in gear transmission,tooth pitting will directly affect the time-varying meshing stiffness(TVMS)of the gear pair,and then leads to the change of dynamic characteristics of system.Thus,each pitting shape is considered as approximately a part of ellipse cylinder,and three damage levels are defined based on the position and number of pits:slight pitting,moderate pitting and severe pitting.The TVMS of perfect gear and that of gear with different pitting severity levels are calculated,and the effect of the position and size of pits on TVMS is discussed by use of the potential energy method.The fault dynamic response of one-stage spur gear transmission is studied and the results are qualitatively verified by the Drivetrain Dynamics Simulator(DDS).The results show that the model presented in this study can better match with the actual situation.With the increase of positional parameter,the pitted area moves gradually from the base circle to the top land.The longer the length of the major axis is,the more obvious the reduction of the TVMS in the pitted area is.While with the change of length of the minor axis,the reduction of the TVMS caused by different levels of pitting damages is basically identical in the same range of the angular displacement of the driving gear.The established model is capable of predicting the TVMS and vibration characteristics of a pitted gear system,and the corresponding vibration analysis results could provide theoretical reference for the detection and diagnosis of tooth pitting.

关 键 词：直齿轮 齿面点蚀 时变啮合刚度(TVMS) 动态响应 频谱分析 

分 类 号：O322[理学—一般力学与力学基础]