第19届世界田径锦标赛女子七项全能前8名成绩特征分析  

Analysis of Performance Characteristics of the Top 8 Women’s Heptathlon Athletes at the 19th World Athletics Championships

作　　者：于甜华 Yu Tianhua(School of Physical Education,Shandong Normal University,Jinan250399,China)

机构地区：[1]山东师范大学体育学院,山东济南250399

出　　处：《体育科技文献通报》2024年第7期1-4,237,共5页Bulletin of Sport Science & Technology

摘　　要：本文采用文献资料法、灰色关联分析法、数理统计法等研究方法,对第19届世界田径锦标赛女子七项全能前8名运动员成绩进行全方位、多层次的研究,目的在于探究世界优秀女子七项全能运动员的成绩结构特点,为我国女子七项全能运动员的训练提供一定的参考。结果显示:第19届世界田径锦标赛女子七项全能前8名运动员各单项成绩与全能成绩的关联程度按照灰色关联度排序为200 m跑>跳高>100 m栏跑>800 m跑>跳远>铅球>标枪,其中200 m跑、跳高、100 m栏跑、800 m跑、跳远等项目成绩对全能总得分的贡献程度较大;按照不同类别项目成绩与全能成绩的关联程度排序为速度类项目>跳跃类项目>投掷类项目;速度类与跳跃类项目是第19届世界田径锦标赛女子七项全能项目中的优势项,以速度类为主,跑跳相对均衡是世界优秀女子七项全能前8名运动员的显著特点,而投掷类项目相对来说是较弱项;第19届世界田径锦标赛女子七项全能前8名运动员各单项间跳高与标枪具有显著差异(P=0.026<0.05),呈强负相关关系,其他各项目之间相关性均不显著(P>0.05);第19届世界田径锦标赛女子七项全能项目中不同单项对技术、素质等方面的要求不同,因此各单项成绩存在一定的差异性与矛盾性。This study employs a variety of research methods including literature review,grey relational analysis,and mathematical statistics to comprehensively analyze the performance of the top 8 athletes in the women's heptathlon event at the 19th World Athletics Championships.The aim is to explore the structural characteristics of the performance of outstanding women's heptathlon athletes worldwide,providing valuable insights for the training of women's heptathlon athletes in our country.The results indicate that the level of correlation between individual event results and the overall performance of the top 8 women's heptathlon athletes at the 19th edition of the World Athletics Championships,ranked by grey relational degree,is as follows:200m race > high jump > 100m hurdles > 800m race > long jump > shot put > javelin throw.The performances in the 200m race,high jump,100m hurdles,800m race,and long jump significantly contribute to the overall score.The correlation between different event categories and the overall performance is ranked as speed events > jumping events > throwing events.Speed and jumping events are dominant in the women's heptathlon at the 19th World Athletics Championships,with speed being the primary focus.The relative balance between running and jumping is a significant characteristic of the top 8 women's heptathlon athletes worldwide,while throwing events are relatively weaker.There is a significant difference between the high jump and javelin throw among the individual events of the top 8 women's heptathlon athletes at the 19th World Athletics Championships(P=0.026<0.05),showing a strong negative correlation,while the correlations between the other events are not significant(P>0.05).Due to different requirements for skills and qualities in different individual events within the women's heptathlon at the 19th World Athletics Championships,there are certain differences and contradictions in the results of each individual event.

关 键 词：女子七项全能 成绩特征 灰色关联 世锦赛 

分 类 号：G825[文化科学—体育训练]