安徽省优秀射击运动员赛前训练期神经系统监控研究  

Research on the Neurological System Monitoring during Pre-Competition Training Period for Elite Shooting Athletes in Anhui Province

作　　者：杨开美 陈瑶[2] Yang Kaimei;Chen Yao(Anhui Province Shooting Sports Management Center,Hefei 230001,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]安徽省射击运动管理中心,安徽合肥230001 [2]安徽省体育科学技术研究所,安徽合肥230001

出　　处：《体育科技文献通报》2024年第7期46-48,68,共4页Bulletin of Sport Science & Technology

基　　金：2023年度国家体育总局科技创新项目“射击项目扳机压力分布传感数字化监控”(项目编号:23KJCX043)。

摘　　要：目的:对赛前训练期的神经系统机能水平进行评估,以中枢神经的稳定性与专注度在射击赛前训练中的监测为出发点,探讨安徽省射击运动员赛前训练期神经系统机能水平的变化。方法:采用文献资料法、实验法、数理统计法等研究方法,利用Firstbeat Sports Sensor(Bodyguard 2)传感器及睡眠监测设备进行数据采集,利用Monitor-P软件对数据进行分析,结合率变异性指标、呼吸频率、睡眠情况及训练成绩进行综合分析。结果:(1)训练后的平均心率、呼吸频率、LF/HF比值均比训练前升高,有显著性差异(P<0.05);RMSSD比训练前降低,有显著性差异(P<0.05);(2)8名运动员个体之间的神经系统稳定性有显著性差异,胡某处于较好水平且专注度较高;(3)8名运动员个体之间的呼吸频率有显著性差异(P<0.05),其中姚某呼吸频率最高;(4)神经专注度(LF/HF)与积分决赛阶段成绩相关性较高。结论:(1)便携式可穿戴HRV监控可以作为非创伤性监控手段,为运动员赛前中枢神经系统机能状态的评定提供依据;(2)射击运动员训练前后交感和迷走神经之间平衡关系失衡,神经机能刺激程度明显;(3)优秀射击运动员的神经稳定性及呼吸频率指标个体差异较大,应做个体的纵向分析,制定个性化的训练方案;(4)反映神经专注度和稳定性的LF/HF是影响射击成绩的重要因素之一。建议:(1)注重锻炼射击运动员低速率、平稳呼吸;(2)强调射击运动员睡眠监控在训练恢复中的重要性,加强管理及干预,提升睡眠时间及质量;(3)将心率监测作为射击项目的常规监测手段,同时结合其他测试手段对运动员进行多维度、全面的监控和评估,建立射击运动员身体机能及竞技状态数据库,以便持续开展研究。OBJECTIVE:This study aims to evaluate the functional level of the neurological system during the pre-competition training period,focusing on monitoring the stability and concentration of the central nervous system in shooting training.It explores the changes in the neurological system's functional level for shooters in Anhui province.METHODS:Research methods such as literature review,experimental methods,and mathematical statistics were employed.Data was collected using the Firstbeat Sports Sensor(Bodyguard 2) and sleep monitoring equipment,and analyzed using the Monitor-P software.A comprehensive analysis was performed,combining heart rate variability indicators,respiratory rate,sleep patterns,and training performance.RESULTS:(1) Post-training average heart rate,respiratory rate,and LF/HF ratio were significantly higher than pre-training(P<0.05);RMSSD decreased significantly compared to before training(P<0.05);(2) Significant differences in neurological system stability were observed among the eight individual athletes,with Hu exhibiting higher stability and focus;(3) Significant differences in respiratory rates were observed among the eight athletes(P<0.05),with Yao having the highest respiratory rate;(4) Neurological focus(LF/HF) was highly correlated with scores in the final stage of the competition.CONCLUSIONS:(1) Portable wearable HRV monitoring can serve as a non-invasive monitoring method,providing a basis for assessing the central nervous system's functional status before competition for athletes;(2) The balance between the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems is disrupted before and after shooting training,indicating a significant degree of neurological stimulation;(3) There are significant individual differences in the neurological stability and respiratory rate indicators of outstanding shooters,requiring individual longitudinal analysis and the development of personalized training programs;(4) LF/HF,reflecting neurological focus and stability,is one of the important factors affecting shoot

关 键 词：射击 赛前训练 神经系统 监控 

分 类 号：G871[文化科学—体育训练]