政策反噬与认同危机:对易地搬迁社区内生性治理失效的一种解释  

Policy Backlash and Identity Crisis:An Explanation of the Failure of Endogenous Governance in Relocating Communities

作　　者：黄六招 林婷婷[2] 尚虎平 Liuzhao Huang;Tingting Lin;Huping Shang

机构地区：[1]广西大学公共管理学院 [2]广西大学绿色发展与边疆治理研究院 [3]中国科技大学公共事务学院

出　　处：《公共行政评论》2024年第4期112-132,M0006,M0007,共23页Journal of Public Administration

基　　金：国家社科基金西部项目“西南民族地区易地搬迁社区治理结构调适与效能提升研究”(23XMZ008)。

摘　　要：内生性治理是激发乡村振兴活力的关键主题,也是推进中国式现代化的转型导向。基于政策反噬与认同危机的分析框架,解码易地搬迁社区内生性治理失效的肇因。研究发现:第一,资源匮乏型地区基层政府对资源输入需求更甚,在压力型体制与政绩锦标赛中,基层政府通过主动加码下的运动式应对来实现虚高绩效,从而置换更多下沉资源,这一过程不仅忽视了激发社区内生动力的实际需求,而且在后续政策红利退出后,政策的“外助力”转向“反噬力”。第二,外部空间环境、农户个体价值与社区组织秩序是农户在融入社区的不同阶段所需的三个支点,在实践中,空间转变与价值断裂使农户陷入“二元模糊”的初阶认同危机,继而削弱了对新秩序重构的组织化动能,秩序真空进一步带来进阶认同危机。第三,认同危机阻断了社区自治体系重建的实现路径,而政策对社区转型偏差的厘正作用并未发挥,共同引致了社区内生性治理失效,这为观察和理解易地搬迁社区治理转型及其自发秩序的形成提供了新的视角。Endogenous governance is the key to stimulating rural revitalization and vitality,and it is also the transformational orientation necessary to promote Chinesestyle modernization.This paper proposes an analytical framework based on policy backlash and identity crisis that decodes the causes of endogeneic governance failure in relocating communities.First,the grassroots governments in resourcedeficient areas have greater demand for resource inputs.They are also subject to the pressure system and performance competition.In a nutshell,they take the initiative to increase the downward movement response to present fictitious high performance results which leads to more sinking resources and dividend withdrawals,while simultaneously ignoring the actual needs of the community and endogenous stimulation.The policy of“external assistance”,which originally relied on resource tilt,has shifted to a“counterbiting force.”Second,spatial transformation,value rupture,and order vacuum are the three fulcrums that gradually appear in different stages of integration with self as the axis.Through the initial and advanced identity crises,the subjective cognition of“dual ambiguity”and the weak organizational momentum are shaped,making it difficult to lay the foundation of autonomy.Third,an identity crisis blocks the path to realizing the reconstruction of a community autonomy system.As we observed,the policy did not play a positive role in the correction of the deviated behavior of community transformation,showing the negative effect of the endogenous practice.Policy backlash and identity crisis led to the failure of endogenous governance,indicating that modernization transformation was never realized.This paper provides a new perspective for observing and understanding the governance transformation and spontaneous order formation of relocating communities.

关 键 词：易地搬迁社区 内生性治理 政策反噬 认同危机 

分 类 号：D63[政治法律—政治学]