“知识-信念-行为”健康教育模式对妇女产后非意愿妊娠预防效果  

Effect of knowledge-attitude-practice health education model for preventing the postpartum unwanted pregnancy of women

作　　者：苏琳[1] 李莉[1] 王希[1] 彭晓竹 蒋丽[1] 李群珍[2] 苏焯然 黄秀 SU Lin;LILi;WANG Xi;PENG Xiaozhu;JIANG Li;LI Qunzhen;SU Zhuoran;HUANG Xiu(Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital,Nanning,Guangxi Zhuang Au-tonomous Region,530002;Yulin Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital,Yulin,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region;Fangchenggang Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region;Dongxing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区妇幼保健院,南宁530002 [2]广西壮族自治区玉林市妇幼保健院 [3]广西壮族自治区防城港市妇幼保健院 [4]广西壮族自治区东兴市妇幼保健院

出　　处：《中国计划生育学杂志》2024年第8期1847-1852,共6页Chinese Journal of Family Planning

基　　金：广西医疗卫生适宜技术开发与推广应用项目(No.S2019031)。

摘　　要：目的:探讨“知识-信念-行为”(简称知-信-行)健康教育模式对妇女产后发生非意愿妊娠的预防效果。方法:选取2020年7月-2022年7月在医院住院分娩的产妇1500名为研究对象,采用自愿原则将其分为观察组及对照组,各750例,对照组开展医院常规产后健康宣教,观察组进行产后避孕咨询,并开展基于知-信-行健康教育模式的避孕宣教。于产后42d及产后3,6,12个月进行随访,了解产妇恢复同房、避孕、非意愿妊娠及人工流产情况,比较两组避孕知识掌握情况、健康行为情况(采用健康促进生活方式量表Ⅱ评估)及对产后服务的满意度。结果:除去失访病例,最终纳入观察组731人,对照组718人进行分析。健康宣教后观察组的产后避孕知识知晓情况得分及HPLP-Ⅱ总得分高于对照组(P<0.05);产后42d及产后3、6个月观察组恢复同房率均低于对照组,产后避孕率均高于对照组(均P<0.05);产后12月观察组的非意愿妊娠率3.3%,低于对照组的8.5%,观察组的人工流产率1.8%,低于对照组5.4%(均P<0.05);观察组对产后服务满意度高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:在产后开展知-信-行健康教育模式的避孕宣教可以提升妇女对避孕知识的掌握度,提高产后避孕率,降低产后1年内的非意愿妊娠率及人工流产率。Objective:To explore the effect of knowledge-attitude-practice(KAP)health education model for preventing the postpartum unwanted pregnancy of women.Methods:A total of 1500 pregnant women who gave birth in the hospital were selected as the research objects from July 2020 to July 2022.These women were divided into intervention group and control group according to the principle of voluntary requirements,with 750 cases in each group.The women in the two groups were given routine postpartum health education in the hospital,while the women in the intervention group were given postpartum contraceptive consultation and contraceptive education based on the KAP health education model additionally.The follow-up of the women in the two groups was conducted in postpartum 42 days,in3,6 and 12 months after delivery to obtain the situations of the recovery of sexual intercourse,the contraception,and the unwanted pregnancy and its induced abortion of the women.The contraceptive knowledge,the health behavior assessed by health-promoting lifestyle profile-Ⅱ(HPLP-Ⅱ)and the satisfaction with postpartum services of the women were compared between the two groups.Results:After eliminating the women with lost to follow-up,there were 731women in the intervention group and 718 women in the control group for analysis eventually.After the health education,the postpartum contraceptive knowledge score and the HPLP-Ⅱtotal score of the women in the intervention group were vsignificantly higher than those of the women in the control group(P<0.05).The recovery rates of sexual intercourse of the women in the intervention group on the 42th d,and in postpartum 3 and 6 months were significantly lower than those of the women in the control group.The postpartum contraceptive rate of the women in the intervention group was significantly higher than that of the women in the control group(all P<0.05).The rates of unwanted pregnancy(3.3%)and the induced abortion(1.8%)of the women in the intervention group in the 12 months were significantly lower than

关 键 词：产后避孕 健康教育 知识-信念-行为 非意愿妊娠 

分 类 号：R169.1[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]