综采工作面含煤线硬岩弱化技术研究  

Research on Weakening Technology of Hard Rock of Coal-bearing Line in Fully Mechanized Mining Face

作　　者：郝明铧 张昌锁[1] 王凯飞 HAO Minghua;ZHANG Changsuo;WANG Kaifei(School of Mining Engineering,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China)

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学矿业工程学院,太原030024

出　　处：《煤炭技术》2024年第7期63-68,共6页Coal Technology

摘　　要：针对综采工作面硬岩破岩效率低、采煤机截齿消耗大的问题,根据硬岩含煤线的特征,提出龟裂爆破的方式破碎硬岩,提高炮孔深度,同时保证工作面设施设备安全,实现了进尺2.4 m/d。通过理论计算、现场实验和数值模拟,研究龟裂爆破炮孔布置、槽腔体积的计算方法以及扩槽孔布置方式。研究表明:掏槽孔布置在不同厚度煤线当中,槽腔面积较布置在硬岩当中可以增大0.5~4.4倍;当炮孔布置在煤线中部,槽腔面积在煤线厚度为50 cm时达到峰值;当煤线厚度大于50 cm时,掏槽孔距离单侧煤岩交界面在25 cm处掏槽效果最佳;结合掏槽效果给出了扩槽孔布置参数,数值模拟结果与现场试验槽腔面积吻合程度高,对于煤矿综采工作面硬岩安全高效弱化具有一定的参考意义。Aiming at the problem of low efficiency of breaking hard rock in the fully mechanized mining face and high consumption of interceptor teeth of coal mining machine,according to the characteristics of hard rock containing coal line,we proposed the way of tortoise crack blasting to break the hard rock,improve the depth of the gun hole,and at the same time ensure the safety of facilities and equipments of the working face,and realized the daily footage of 2.4 m/d.Through theoretical calculations,field experiments and numerical simulations,the layout of cracks and blasting blasts,the calculation methods of the volume of the groove cavity and the layout of the reaming holes were studied.The results show that the hollowing holes should be arranged in different thicknesses of coal line to increase the slot area by 0.5 to 4.4 times,the slot area reaches its peak when the thickness of the coal line is 50 cm,and the holes are arranged in the middle of the coal line.When the thickness of the coal line is more than 50 cm,the hollowing effect is best when the hollowing hole is 25 cm away from the coal-rock interface on one side;combined with the hollowing effect,the arrangement parameters of the reaming holes are given,and the numerical simulation results coincide with the area of the cavity in the field test to a high degree,which is of certain reference significance for the safe and high efficient weakening of the hard rock of the fully mechanized mining facein coal mines.

关 键 词：硬岩弱化 龟裂爆破 数值模拟 槽腔面积 炮孔布置 

分 类 号：TD235[矿业工程—矿井建设]