印度农业支持水平及政策结构变动分析——基于OECD农业政策评估系统  

Analysis on Agricultural Support Level and Support Policy Structure in India——Based on the Agricultural Policy Evaluation System of OECD

作　　者：董运来[1] 王艳华 Dong Yunlai;Wang Yanhua(College of International Business,Shenyang Normal University,Shenyang 110034,China;China International Engineering Consulting Co.,Ltd,Beijing 100048,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳师范大学国际商学院,辽宁沈阳110034 [2]中国国际工程咨询有限公司,北京100048

出　　处：《新疆农垦经济》2024年第8期40-52,87,共14页Xinjiang State Farms Economy

基　　金：辽宁省财政科研基金项目(项目编号:23C007);辽宁省社会科学规划基金项目(项目编号:L14BJY037)。

摘　　要：农业支持政策能够为保障粮食和重要农产品稳定安全供给奠定坚实基础。文章以OECD农业政策评估系统为基础,从绝对量、比重、结构等方面对印度农业支持政策的实施情况进行研究,对于优化调整我国的农业支持政策和完善重要农产品价格形成机制具有参照意义。研究发现:印度农业支持估计总量水平不高,且多数年份为负值,国内农业部门总体上处于负保护状态,是世界上农业负保护最严重的国家之一。农业生产者支持估计主要集中在扭曲作用最强的市场价格支持和农业投入品补贴两个维度,且负保护程度始终高居不下。农业一般服务支持估计始终为正值,且从总量和规模上呈现出稳定递增的趋势,对农产品贸易的扭曲程度较小。印度只有食糖、禽肉、羊肉、鹰嘴豆等几类特定农产品的市场价格支持为正值,余下的特定农产品均为负保护。最后从明确农业支持政策目标、注重市场价格政策针对性有效性和优化一般服务支持结构角度提出了完善我国农业支持保护制度的对策建议。Agricultural support policy can lay a solid foundation for ensuring the stable and safe supply of food and important agricultural products.Based on the Agricultural Policy Evaluation System of OECD,this paper studies the implementation of India's agricultural support policies from absolute quantity,proportion and structure,which has reference significance for optimizing and adjusting China's agricultural support policy and improving the price formation mechanism of important agricultural products.It is found that:The TSE in India is low and negative in most years,and the domestic agricultural sector is generally in a state of negative protection.India is one of the countries with the most severe agricultural negative protection in the world.The PSE mainly focuses on the distorting dimensions of MPS and agricultural input subsidies,and the degree of negative protection remains high.The GSSE is always positive,and shows a steady increasing trend in terms of total quantity and scale,with a small distortion degree of agricultural trade.The MPS of sugar,poultry meat,sheep meat and chick pea in India is positive,while the remaining specific agricultural products have negative protection.Finally,some countermeasures are provided to improve the agricultural support protection system in China from the perspective of clarifying the objectives of agricultural support policy,emphasizing the effectiveness of the market price policy,and optimizing the structure of GSSE.

关 键 词：印度农业 农业支持政策 支持结构 OECD农业政策评估系统 

分 类 号：F335.1[经济管理—产业经济]