秦始皇帝陵兵马俑一号坑木炭遗存的分析研究  

Study on Charcoal Remains in the Terracotta Army Pit 1 at the Mausoleum of the First Emperor of Qin

作　　者：杨莹 李秀珍 申茂盛 夏寅 Yang Ying;Li Xiuzhen;Shen Maosheng;Xia Yin(Institute of Archaeology,UCL;不详)

机构地区：[1]秦始皇帝陵博物院 [2]伦敦大学学院考古学院 [3]伦敦大学学院英国艺术与人文研究项目 [4]牛津大学欧盟协同基金项目

出　　处：《农业考古》2024年第4期5-14,共10页Agricultural Archaeology

摘　　要：秦始皇帝陵中部分大型陪葬坑遭到过不同程度焚毁,保留有大量炭化木质遗迹。此次研究从其中已发掘面积最大、包含炭化木质遗迹最多的兵马俑一号坑采集了381份木炭样品,开展了非解剖学特征观察及树种鉴定工作,在此基础上对一号坑中的木材利用规律及其指示意义进行了探讨。结果表明,一号坑中木材的选择根据用途的不同有所区别,其驱动因素不仅包括材性和使用目的,也与文化因素及植被条件在人类活动影响下的变化有关。此外,这些木材可能来自于同一山区,气候较为适宜,在低海拔区域应当具备温暖潮湿的气候特征,降水充足,山区高程需较高,高海拔山区气候凉润且雨量较多。Some of the large ancillary pits in the mausoleum of the First Emperor of Qin were subjected to varying degrees of burning,resulting in a great number of charred wood remains.In this study,381 samples of charcoal were collected from Pit 1of the Terracotta Army,which has the largest excavated area and contains the most charcoal remains so far.Non-anatomical features observation and taxonomic identification were carried out as the basis for discussing the utilization of wood in Pit 1 and its implications.The results indicate that the selection of wood in Pit 1 varies according to different purposes,driven not only by material properties and usage purposes but also by cultural factors and changes in vegetation influenced by human activities.These woods might have come from the same mountainous region with a relatively favorable climate,namely either the low-altitude areas,warm and humid with abundant precipitation,or high-altitude mountainous regions,cool and moist with abundant rainfall.

关 键 词：秦兵马俑坑 木炭 木炭学分析 

分 类 号：K878.8[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]