体外实验中压应力对细胞的作用和影响  

Role and influence of compressive stress on cells in vitro

作　　者：闫鹏安 蔡逸帆 闫振兴 魏雨乔 耿彬[1,2,3] 夏亚一 Yan Pengan;Cai Yifan;Yan Zhenxing;Wei Yuqiao;Geng Bin;Xia Yayi(Second Clinical Medical School,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,Gansu Province,China;Second Hospital of Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,Gansu Province,China;Orthopedic Clinical Research Center of Gansu Province,Lanzhou 730000,Gansu Province,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学第二临床医学院,甘肃省兰州市730000 [2]兰州大学第二医院,甘肃省兰州市730000 [3]甘肃省骨科临床研究中心,甘肃省兰州市730000

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究》2025年第23期4993-5001,共9页Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(82060405,81874017),项目负责人:夏亚一;国家自然科学基金项目(81960403),项目负责人:耿彬。

摘　　要：背景:沃尔夫定律指出,机体缺乏机械应力会导致骨组织的微结构退化、质量损失和代谢紊乱,并最终导致骨质疏松症,这提示机械应力在骨组织生长、重建及成形中具有重要作用。目前机械应力对成骨细胞的相关研究主要集中在流体剪切力上,但其在体内干预较为困难,同时有研究发现压应力在一定程度上也可以起到与流体剪切力类似的作用,探究压应力在体外对细胞的作用方式和影响,可以丰富机械应力与细胞的相互作用关系,有助于为包括骨质疏松在内的代谢性骨病和其他疾病的研究提供理论依据。目的:综述体外实验中压应力对细胞的施加方式、引起细胞产生不同的生物学行为、可能的作用信号途径以及未来可能应用的领域。方法:检索PubMed、Web of Science、中国知网及万方数据库2000年1月至2024年3月发表的相关文献,中文检索词为“压应力,机械应力,静水压力,细胞”,英文检索词为“compressive stress,mechanical stress,hydrostatic pressure,cell”。纳入压应力作用于细胞的基础研究及微观机制研究,最终对纳入的63文献进行综述。结果与结论:(1)压应力的施加方式多样,不同实验设备对细胞加载压应力的方式不尽相同,需要进一步规范实验设备和标准化力学单位,减少混杂因素,使不同实验组之间具有参考性和可比性;(2)压应力可引起细胞增殖、分化、自噬、凋亡、迁移等变化,且在多数情况下压应力的作用效果具有时间或剂量依赖性;(3)目前大部分体外实验研究表明,压应力可能主要是通过MAPK信号途径、Wnt/β-catenin信号通路作用于成骨细胞,引起成骨细胞产生不同的应答;(4)压应力可对不同细胞产生不同的作用效果,还需要进一步研究其对不同组织的生物学作用;(5)对压应力的更深入研究有助于为骨科、口腔、肿瘤等疾病的治疗提供理论依据,利用静水压力进行温和消毒BACKGROUND:Wolff’s law points out that the lack of mechanical stress in the body will lead to the degradation of the microstructure of bone tissue,mass loss,and metabolic disorders,and eventually lead to osteoporosis,which suggests that mechanical stress plays an important role in the growth,reconstruction,and formation of bone tissue.At present,the relevant studies concerning mechanical stress on osteoblasts mainly focus on fluid shear force,but it is difficult to intervene in vivo.Meanwhile,some studies have found that compressive stress can also play a similar role in fluid shear force to a certain extent.Exploring the mode of action and influence of compressive stress on cells in vitro experiments can enrich the interaction relationship between mechanical stress and cells.It helps provide a theoretical basis for studies of metabolic bone diseases,including osteoporosis,and other diseases.OBJECTIVE:To review in vitro experiments,the application of compressive stress to cells,different biological behaviors caused by cells,the possible signaling pathways,and possible future applications.METHODS:We searched PubMed,Web of Science,CNKI,and WanFang databases from January 2000 to March 2024 to include all articles related to compressive stress on cells,including basic research and microscopic mechanism studies,using search terms“compressive stress,mechanical stress,hydrostatic pressure,cell”in Chinese and English.Finally,the 63 included articles were reviewed.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)There are various ways to apply compressive stress,and different experimental equipment has different ways of pressurizing cells,so it is necessary to further standardize the experimental equipment,standardize the pressurization unit,reduce the confounding factors,and make the reference and comparability between different experimental groups.(2)Compressive stress can cause changes in cell proliferation,differentiation,autophagy,apoptosis,migration,etc.,and the effect of compressive stress is time-or dose-dependent in most cases.(3

关 键 词：成骨细胞 压应力 机械应力 生物力学 细胞实验 信号通路 

分 类 号：R459.9[医药卫生—治疗学] R318.01[医药卫生—临床医学] R68