猫认知障碍综合征的研究进展  

Research Progress on Feline Cognitive Dysfunction Syndrome

作　　者：张姝婧 冯沈泂 钟友刚[1] ZHANG Shujing;FENG Shenjiong;ZHONG Yougang(College of Veterinary Medicine,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学动物医学院,北京海淀100193

出　　处：《中国兽医杂志》2024年第8期105-109,共5页Chinese Journal of Veterinary Medicine

摘　　要：随着宠物猫生活水平的改善,其寿命也得以延长,越来越多的猫出现了认知障碍综合征(CDS)的表现。CDS患猫与人类阿尔兹海默病(AD)患者大脑中的病变有相似之处,如β-淀粉样蛋白和异常磷酸化Tau蛋白的沉积。在临床症状上,患猫通常表现为嚎叫、社交互动行为改变、睡眠-清醒周期变化、随地排泄、定向障碍、活动水平下降、焦虑以及学习或记忆能力下降。对于CDS患猫的确诊,通常采用排除诊断法,通过排除可能导致出现行为改变的其他病因进行诊断,以提供有针对性的治疗。治疗方法主要包括环境管理、饮食管理和药物治疗。环境管理包括改善不良环境,进行环境丰容以减缓患猫认知能力的下降;饮食管理包括使用营养补充剂和特定饮食;目前还未有用于CDS患猫的许可药物,但已有研究表明部分药物对治疗CDS患猫有积极作用。本文总结了猫CDS现有的研究进展,以期对临床CDS患猫的诊疗提供参考。With the improvement of living standards for pet cats,their lifespan has also extended,leading to an increasing number of cats exhibiting signs of cognitive dysfunction syndrome(CDS).Cats with CDS show brain lesions similar to those seen in human Alzheimer's disease(AD)patients,such as the deposition ofβ-amyloid protein and abnormally phosphorylated Tau protein.Clinically,affected cats typically present with symptoms such as vocalization,changes in social interaction behavior,altered sleep-wake cycles,inappropriate elimination,disorientation,decreased activity levels,anxiety,and impaired learning or memory.Diagnosis of CDS in cats is usually made by exclusion,ruling out other possible causes of behavioral changes to provide targeted treatment.Treatment methods mainly include environmental management,dietary management,and medication.Environmental management involves improving adverse environments and providing environmental enrichment to slow the cognitive decline of affected cats.Dietary management includes the use of nutritional supplements and specific diets.Although there are currently no approved drugs for CDS in cats,some studies have shown that certain medications have a positive effect on treating feline CDS.This article summarizes the current research progress on feline CDS,aiming to provide a reference for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of cats with CDS.

关 键 词：认知障碍综合征 病因 临床症状 诊疗方法 

分 类 号：S858.293[农业科学—临床兽医学]