基于主成分分析的洱海北部入湖河流水质评价及变化趋势研究  

Study on Water Quality Assessment and Variation Tendency About Northern Rivers of Erhai Lake Based on Principal Component Analysis

作　　者：杨凤娥 杨萍萍 苏社飞 陈涛 YANG Feng-e;YANG Ping-ping;SU She-fei;CHEN Tao(Dali Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Station of Yunnan Ecology and Environment Bureau,Dali,Yunnan 671000,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省生态环境厅驻大理州生态环境监测站,云南大理671000

出　　处：《四川环境》2024年第4期41-49,共9页Sichuan Environment

摘　　要：选用主成分分析法,对2015—2022年洱海北部三条主要入湖河流(弥苴河、永安江、罗时江)9个断面的水质进行综合评价,按各成分分析计算其综合得分,分析主要影响指标,研究水质的空间变化特征及时间变化趋势,为洱海北部流域污染防治及水生态环境保护及综合治理提供依据。结果表明:洱海北部三条主要入湖河流水体污染以有机污染为主,其主成分法综合评分表明弥苴河水质优于永安江,优于罗时江;2015—2022年洱海北部主要入湖河流各断面综合评分总体呈现降低的趋势,表明其水环境污染负荷正逐年降低,其中2021年、2022年洱海北部三条主要入湖河流水质改善明显。The water quality of nine monitoring points of the northern three rivers(Miju River,Yong'an River and Luoshi River) of Erhai Lake from 2015 to 2022 was synthetically analyzed with the Principal Component Analysis(PCA) method.The comprehensive score was calculated according to the analysis of each component,and the main influencing indicators were analyzed to study the spatial variation characteristics and temporal variation trend of water quality,so as to provide a basis for pollution prevention and water ecological environment protection and comprehensive treatment in the northern Erhai Lake.The results indicated that the main pollution was organic contaminants in the northern three main rivers of Erhai Lake.The water quality of Miju River was better than Yongan River and Luoshi River according to the synthetic assessment method of PCA.It appeared that descendant tendency about synthetic score of three northern main rivers of Erhai Lake from 2015 to 2022.This indicated that the contaminated load of water quality decreased by year.The water quality of three northern rivers of Erhai Lake was evidently improved from 2021 to 2022.

关 键 词：主成分分析 水质评价 洱海 

分 类 号：X824[环境科学与工程—环境工程]