基于多源资料的中天山降水云宏微观特征分析  

Analysis of macro and micro characteristics of precipitation clouds in the Central Tianshan Mountains based on multiple source data

作　　者：王智敏[1] 冯婉悦 魏旭辉[1] 朱思华[1] Wang Zhimin;Feng Wanyue;Wei Xuhui;Zhu Sihua(Weather Modification Office of Xinjiang,Urumqi 830002;Meteorological Technology Equipment Support Center of Xinjiang,Urumqi 830002)

机构地区：[1]新疆维吾尔自治区人工影响天气办公室,乌鲁木齐830002 [2]新疆维吾尔自治区气象技术装备保障中心,乌鲁木齐830002

出　　处：《气象水文海洋仪器》2024年第4期22-25,共4页Meteorological,Hydrological and Marine Instruments

基　　金：金锋华云发展基金项目(HYJ202205,HYJ202203);新疆气象局引导性项目(YD202201);新疆气象技术装备保障中心科研基金(Zbj2022002)资助。

摘　　要：文章基于C波段新一代多普勒天气雷达、Ka波段云雷达、微雨雷达和地基微波辐射计等观测资料对中天山地区夏季一次地形云降水的宏微观特征进行了分析。研究表明:此次降水过程受西风气流影响产生地形云降水;该降水过程的0℃层高度在4 km附近,大气层结表现为干层-湿层-干层分布;雷达反射率因子主要分布在15~30 dBZ,云体厚度6 km左右,云内粒子在强湍流作用下迅速增大;在3.5 km高度上雨滴谱存在明显增宽,小粒子数浓度不断减小,大粒子则迅速增多,结合0℃层高度信息得出在3.5 km以上多为冰相粒子,3.5 km以下则主要为液相粒子;多种不同波长的雷达分别适用于测量不同尺度的粒子,可以对降水云的发生演变进行整体全面的观测。研究有助于从地形云宏微观物理特征的视角科学评估中天山白杨沟地区地形云降水人工增雨播云潜力。This paper analyzes the macro and micro characteristics of a summer topographic cloud precipitation in the Central Tianshan Mountains region based on observation data such as the C-band next-generation Doppler weather radar,Ka band cloud radar,light rain radar,and ground-based microwave radiometer.The research shows that the precipitation process is influenced by west wind airflow to produce topographic cloud precipitation.The height of the 0℃layer during this precipitation process is around 4 km,and the atmospheric stratification exhibits a dry wet dry layer distribution.The radar reflectivity factor is mainly distributed in the range of 15~30 dBZ,with a cloud thickness of about 6 km.The particles inside the cloud rapidly increase under strong turbulence.At a height of 3.5 km,there is a significant broadening of the raindrop spectrum,with a continuous decrease in the concentration of small particles and a rapid increase in large particles.Based on the height information of the 0℃layer,it can be concluded that particles above 3.5 km are mostly ice phase particles,while particles below 3.5 km are mainly liquid phase particles.Multiple radars with different wavelengths are suitable for measuring particles of different scales,allowing for comprehensive observation of the occurrence and evolution of precipitation clouds as a whole.Research helps to scientifically evaluate the potential of artificial precipitation enhancement and cloud seeding in the Baiyanggou area of the Central Tianshan Mountains from the perspective of macro and micro physical characteristics of terrain clouds.

关 键 词：中天山 地形云降水 宏微观特征 

分 类 号：P458.11[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]