溯源与突变:生成式人工智能新闻的本体转向与治理路径  

Tracing and Transforming:Exploring the Ontological Turn and Governance Path of Generative AI News

作　　者：刘欣 蒋雪颖 LIU Xin;JIANG Xueying(School of Journalism&Communication,Peking University,Beijing 100089,China;School of International Journalism&Communication,Beijing Foreign Studies University,Beijing 100871,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学新闻与传播学院,北京100089 [2]北京外国语大学国际新闻与传播学院,北京100871

出　　处：《大连理工大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第4期120-128,共9页Journal of Dalian University of Technology(Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“突发公共事件舆论引导的机制、路径与方法研究”(23AXW008)。

摘　　要：生成式人工智能是新技术条件下自动化新闻的新阶段,通过溯源新闻自动化历史进程中关键的技术节点,分析技术逻辑对新闻带来的本体内涵转向和实践变革。新闻本体中的数据化倾向,在技术的不断作用下新闻生产进入以“数据”“语义”“结构模型”为中心的理性化进程中,最终抵达人工智能生成内容的语言“仿境”的同时,新闻业在维持新闻专业主义价值、独立性、新闻业态的多样性和人文底色等层面备受挑战。由此从技术和伦理层面提出治理路径,以新闻专业主义原则和价值赋予生成式人工智能以目的、形态和意义,建立自主安全可信的大模型,树立以人为本的人工智能方针,将价值融入技术工具之中。Generative artificial intelligence is a new stage of automated journalism under the conditions of new technology.By tracing the key technological nodes in the history of automated news,this article analyzes the ontological connotation shift and practical transformation brought about by the technological logic in news.The trend of datafication in the ontology of news has led news production,under the continuous influence of technology,into a rational process centered around“data”,“semantics”,and“structural models”.Ultimately,it reaches the language“mimesis”of AI-generated content.At the same time,the news industry faces challenges in maintaining the values of journalistic professionalism,independence,diversity of news formats,and humanistic background.Therefore,governance paths are proposed from both technological and ethical perspectives,assigning purposes,forms,and meanings to generative artificial intelligence based on the principles and values of adhering to journalistic professionalism,establishing autonomous,secure,and trustworthy large-scale models,and setting a people-oriented AI policy so as to embed values into technological tools.

关 键 词：生成式人工智能 ChatGPT 新闻本体 自动化新闻 智能传播 

分 类 号：G206[文化科学—传播学]