西藏阿里地区耕地的时空分异特征及其影响因素  

Spatio-temporal differentiation characteristics and impact factors of cultivated land in Ngari Prefecture of Tibet,China

作　　者：李维肖 王兆锋[1,2] 张镱锂 宫殿清[1,2] LI Weixiao;WANG Zhaofeng;ZHANG Yili;GONG Dianqing(Key Laboratory of Terrestrial Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China;University of Chinese Academy of Science,Beijing 100049,China;CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences,Beijing 100101,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所陆地表层格局与模拟重点实验室,北京100101 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]中国科学院青藏高原地球科学卓越创新中心,北京100101

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2024年第15期233-244,共12页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目(2019QZKK0603);国家自然科学基金项目(41771113);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA20040201)。

摘　　要：研究西藏阿里地区耕地时空分异特征,为阿里土地利用现状、农业用地规划、耕地可持续发展等提供参考。该研究基于Google Earth高分影像,目视解译获取2005、2013和2020年3期阿里地区耕地数据,运用ArcGIS软件识别耕地时空分异及影响因素。结果发现:1)阿里地区耕地分散破碎,以普兰县西南部和札达县中部的河谷地带较集中,且以小斑块为主。2)在空间分异上,耕地主要分布于海拔3 500~4 500 m、坡度0~6°、坡向西南方、年均降水量0~25 mm、年均温0~5℃、距道路和河流<200 m的区域。3)在时间分异上,2005—2020年,耕地面积整体呈增长趋势,集聚区呈多区域化。阿里南部地区增加缓慢甚至有下降趋势,北部地区增加明显。总体而言阿里地区耕地以区位条件和水热条件为基础条件,并受人口数量、非农化发展水平、市场需求等影响存在时空分异特征,且不同地区耕地分布和面积变化存在差异。Cultivated land resources have restricted the agricultural production and economic development in China,particularly with the ever-increasing urbanization and population.There are the spatiotemporal variations of cultivated land in different regions,due to the different natural and social economic conditions.However,only a few quantitative studies have been focused on the distribution of cultivated land use under various terrain and climate in the field of geography.Furthermore,the data accuracy of most studies cannot accurately reflect the spatial change of cultivated land.Taking Ngari Prefecture as the research area,the purpose of this study was to explore the spatiotemporal differentiation and distribution of cultivated land resources under different terrain and climate.Farmland data was collected in 2005,2013 and 2020.Google Earth highresolution imagery was then utilized to visually interpret with a resolution of 0.49-8.26 m.Kernel density estimation,spatial and buffer analysis functions in ArcGIS software were also used to identify the spatiotemporal differentiation and influencing factors of farmland.The results showed that:1)In terms of spatial change,the scattered and fragmented cultivated land was more concentrated in the valleys of the southwestern part of Pulan County and the central part of Zada County.The small patches were dominated in the cultivated land.The cultivated land was also more concentrated in Pulan Township of Pulan County,Xiangzi Township of Zada County,Shiquanhe Town of Gar County and Ritu Town of Ritu County,compared with different townships.Meanwhile,the cultivated land was distributed mainly in the spatial area with an altitude of 3500-4500 m,a slope of 0-6°,a slope to the southwest,an average annual precipitation of 0-25 mm,an average annual temperature of 0-5℃,and a distance of less than 200 m from roads and rivers.2)In terms of temporal change,the cultivated area was aggregated in a multiregional manner from 2005 to 2020,indicating a general trend of growth.The reason was attr

关 键 词：遥感 耕地 时空分异 目视解译 阿里地区 

分 类 号：K9[历史地理—人文地理学]