高比例的棉粕和菜粕饲料中添加齐墩果酸对草鱼生长、血清生化指标、抗氧化及免疫力的影响  

DIETARY OLEANOLIC ACID ON THE GROWTH PERFORMANCE,SERUM BIOCHEMICAL,ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY,AND IMMUNITY OF GRASS CARP FED HIGH COTTONSEED AND RAPESEED MEAL DIETS

作　　者：王绍 胡毅[1] 蔡明浪 戴济鸿 徐树德 胡海波 符贵红[1] WANG Shao;HU Yi;CAI Ming-Lang;DAI Ji-Hong;XU Shu-De;HU Hai-Bo;FU Gui-Hong(Fisheries College,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,China;Hunan Shineway Agriculture Co.,Changsha,410116 China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学水产学院,长沙410128 [2]湖南植之源农牧有限公司,长沙410116

出　　处：《水生生物学报》2024年第9期1473-1482,共10页Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32172985)资助。

摘　　要：试验旨在研究高比例的棉粕和菜粕饲料中添加齐墩果酸对草鱼生长、血清生化指标、抗氧化和免疫能力的影响。试验选取均重约为50 g的草鱼480尾,随机分为3组,每组4个重复,每个重复40尾。分别为对照组、高比例的棉粕和菜粕组、高比例的棉粕和菜粕组+500 mg/kg齐墩果酸组,分别记为CON、S1和SQ2。养殖周期为56d。结果显示:(1)与CON组相比, S1和SQ2组草鱼的末均重(FBW)、增重率(WGR)和特定生长率(SGR)均显著降低(P<0.05), S1组草鱼的饵料系数(FCR)显著升高(P<0.05)。与S1组相比, SQ2组草鱼的FBW、WGR和SGR均显著升高(P<0.05),而FCR显著降低(P<0.05)。(2)与CON组相比, S1和SQ2组草鱼的血清谷草转氨酶(GOT)、胆汁酸(TBA)、总胆固醇(T-CHO)和肝脏丙二醛(MDA)水平均显著升高(P<0.05)。而血清酸性磷酸酶(ACP)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)、肠道淀粉酶和肝脏过氧化氢酶(CAT)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)的水平均显著降低(P<0.05);S1组草鱼的血清低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)的含量显著升高(P<0.05),而血清C3、肠道脂肪酶和肝脏总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)的含量显著降低(P<0.05)。与S1组相比, SQ2组草鱼的血清GOT、T-CHO和肝脏MDA的水平均显著降低(P<0.05),而血清ACP、IgM、肠道脂肪酶、淀粉酶和肝脏的CAT、SOD、T-AOC的水平均显著升高(P<0.05)。(3)与CON组相比, S1组和SQ2组草鱼肝脏中gpx1、cat、tgf-β1和il-15的表达水平显著下调(P<0.05);S1组草鱼肝脏中Mnsod和nrf2的表达水平显著下调(P<0.05),而keap1、tnf-α、nf-κb和il-12β的表达水平显著上调(P<0.05)。与S1组相比, SQ2组草鱼肝脏中Mnsod、gpx1、cat、nrf2、tgf-β1和il-15的表达水平显著上调(P<0.05),而keap1、tnf-α、nf-κb和il-12β的表达水平显著下调(P<0.05)。综上所述,高比例棉菜粕饲料显著降低了草鱼的生长性能,抗氧化能力和免疫力,并引起草鱼肝脏组织结构的损伤。齐墩果酸的添加可以缓�The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effects of oleanolic acid supplementation in high cotton rapeseed meal feed on the growth,serum biochemistry,antioxidant,and immunity of grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella).Four hundred and eighty grass carp weighing about 50 g were selected and randomly divided into three groups with four replicates of 40 fish each.These groups included the control group,the high cotton rapeseed meal group,and the high cotton rapeseed meal group supplemented with 500 mg/kg oleanolic acid,which were labeled as CON,S1,and SQ2,respectively,with a culture period of 56d.The results showed that:(1)Grass carp in the S1 and SQ2 groups exhi-bited significantly lower FBW,WGR,and SGR compared with the CON group(P<0.05),with the S1 group showing significantly higher FCR(P<0.05).(2)FBW,WGR,and SGR were significantly higher(P<0.05),and FCR was signifi-cantly lower(P<0.05)in grass carp in the SQ2 group compared to the S1 group.Additionally,compared to the CON group,serum GOT,TBA,T-CHO,and hepatic MDA levels were significantly higher(P<0.05)in the S1 and SQ2 groups.Conversely,levels of serum ACP,IgM,and hepatic CAT,SOD,and GSH were significantly decreased(P<0.05).Furthermore,serum LDL-C levels were significantly higher(P<0.05)in the S1 group,whereas serum complement C3 and liver T-AOC levels were significantly lower(P<0.05).Compared to the S1 group,the SQ2 group exhibited significantly lower levels of serum GOT,T-CHO,and hepatic MDA(P<0.05),and significantly higher levels of serum ACP,IgM,and hepatic CAT,SOD,and T-AOC(P<0.05).(3)Compared to the CON group,hepatic expres-sion levels of gpx1,cat,tgf-β1,and il-15 were significantly down-regulated(P<0.05).Moreover,in the livers of grass carp in S1 group,expression levels of Mnsod and nrf2 were significantly down-regulated(P<0.05),whereas the expres-sion levels of keap1,tnf-α,nrf-κb.and il-12βwere significantly up-regulated(P<0.05).Conversely,expression levels of Mnsod,gpx1,cat,nrf2,tgf-β1,and il-15 were significantly up-regulated(P<0.05),while t

关 键 词：齐墩果酸 抗氧化能力 免疫力 草鱼 

分 类 号：S965.1[农业科学—水产养殖]