深部直墙拱形巷道围岩板裂破坏的试验研究  

Experimental study on spalling failure of rock in deep arch roadway with vertical walls

作　　者：司雪峰 张子龙 宫凤强 SI Xuefeng;ZHANG Zilong;GONG Fengqiang(School of Resources Environment and Safety Engineering,University of South China,Hengyang 421001,China;Hengyang Huayan Engineering Technology Co.,Ltd.,Hengyang 421001,China;School of Civil Engineering,Southeast University,Nanjing 211189,China)

机构地区：[1]南华大学资源环境与安全工程学院,湖南衡阳421001 [2]衡阳华研工程科技有限公司,湖南衡阳421001 [3]东南大学土木工程学院,江苏南京211189

出　　处：《采矿与岩层控制工程学报》2024年第4期111-125,共15页Journal of Mining and Strata Control Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52304227,42077244);湖南省自然科学基金资助项目(2023JJ40548);湖南省教育厅优秀青年基金资助项目(22B0426);煤矿深井开采灾害防治技术科技研发平台开放基金资助项目(DPDCM2208)。

摘　　要：为了研究深部直墙拱形巷道围岩板裂破坏特征,利用TRW-3000岩石真三轴电液伺服诱变试验机,对含直墙拱形贯穿巷道的立方体花岗岩试样进行了三向不等压加载试验,并借助微型摄像机实时监控围岩破坏情况。试验结果表明,花岗岩直墙拱形巷道围岩产生平行于直墙的板裂化结构,呈明显的拉伸破坏特征。随着板裂破坏沿巷道两侧围岩逐渐向深部发展,最终在围岩两侧距拱底(0.20~0.25)h(h为直墙拱形巷道的高度)处形成对称的V型槽。在相同应力条件下,与花岗岩圆形巷道破坏特征相比,直墙拱形巷道围岩初始破坏应力较高,主要表现为静态破坏,产生的岩片较大,呈细长条状,具有明显的层裂现象;而圆形巷道围岩破坏较为剧烈,属于动态破坏,产生的岩片相对较小,但是两种断面产生的岩片均表现出中间厚两边薄的特征。通过对比不同岩性直墙拱形巷道围岩破坏特征发现,花岗岩的破坏较为剧烈,红砂岩的较弱。对于千枚岩直墙拱形巷道,随着层理角度的增加,围岩的破坏模式从平行于层理面的拉伸破坏转变为平行于层理面的剪切滑移破坏,再到穿越层理面的剪切破坏,最后转化为穿越层理面的拉伸破坏。To investigate the spalling failure characteristics of deep arch roadway with vertical walls,the three⁃dimensional unequal pressure loading test was carried out on cubic granite specimens with roadway with vertical walls using TRW-3000 rock true⁃triaxial electro⁃hydraulic servo mutagenesis test machine,and the surrounding rock failure of the arch roadway with vertical walls was monitored in real⁃time using a micro⁃camera.The results show that the surrounding rock of roadway produced spalling structure parallel to the straight⁃wall,showing obvious tension failure characteristics.With development of spalling failure to the deep along the sidewalls of the roadways,the symmetrical V⁃shaped notches were formed at(0.20-0.25)h(h is the height of the arch roadway with vertical walls)from the arch bottom on both sidewalls of the hole.Under the same stress conditions,the initial failure stress of the sidewall of roadway is higher compared with the failure characteristics of the circular hole sidewall of granite,which mainly shows static failure.The rock fragments produced by the failure of the roadway sidewall were larger and slender,showing obvious spalling failure phenomenon.However,the failure of the sidewall of circular roadway is more severe and belongs to dynamic failure.The rock fragments produced by the failure of the circular roadway were relatively small,but the profile of rock fragments produced by the two kinds of sections is thick in the middle and thin on both sidewalls.By comparing the failure characteristics of surrounding rock of roadway with different lithology,it is found that the failure of surrounding rock of granite roadway is more severe,while the failure of that red sandstone roadway is weaker.For the phyllite arch roadway with vertical walls,with increasing bedding angle,the failure mode of surrounding rock changes from tension parallel to the bedding planes to shear sliding parallel to the bedding planes,then transitions to shear failure across the bedding planes,and finally transfor

关 键 词：直墙拱形巷道 板裂破坏 真三轴试验 三维高应力 岩性 

分 类 号：TD324[矿业工程—矿井建设]