骨组织工程中传统与仿生支架结构设计的差异  

Differences in structural design between traditional and bionic scaffolds in bone tissue engineering

作　　者：赵越 许燕[1] 周建平[1] 张旭婧[1] 陈宇彤 靳正阳 印治涛 Zhao Yue;Xu Yan;Zhou Jianping;Zhang Xujing;Chen Yutong;Jin Zhengyang;Yin Zhitao(School of Mechanical Engineering,Xinjiang University,Urumqi 830047,Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆大学机械工程学院,新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市830047

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究》2025年第16期3458-3468,共11页Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52365053),课题名称:载三联药装配式骨支架制备及多激励源控释特性研究,项目负责人:许燕。

摘　　要：背景:多孔支架作为新骨生长的临时基质在骨修复过程中起着关键作用,其中多孔支架的结构设计是骨修复过程中的研究重点。目的:综述传统支架(规则、均匀的支架)和仿生支架(不规则、不均匀的支架)在骨组织工程研究领域的应用。方法:检索中国知网(CNKI)、维普、万方、Web of Science、Science Direct、PubMed、EI等数据库,选取2008年1月至2024年3月发表的文献,中文检索词为“骨组织工程,仿生支架,骨小梁,传统支架,骨修复,三周期极小曲面”,英文检索词为“bone tissue engineering,bionic scaffolds,bone trabeculae,traditional scaffolds,bone repair,TPMS”。最终纳入81篇文献进行综述。结果与结论:骨支架的结构设计是实现骨修复和骨再生的关键,骨组织工程中的支架技术已取得显著进展。传统的规则多孔支架因简单的制造流程和良好的机械性能被广泛应用,然而这类支架往往缺乏生物活性,难以模拟自然骨组织的复杂微环境,限制了其在促进细胞增殖和骨再生方面的能力。相反,仿生支架通过模拟自然骨组织的结构特征,提供了更适宜的生理微环境,促进了成骨细胞的增殖、分化及新骨的形成,为骨缺损有效治疗提供了新的思路。尽管仿生支架在理论上具有巨大的潜力,但在实际应用中仍面临诸多挑战,支架的生物相容性、生物活性及长期稳定性等因素仍需通过临床试验进行进一步验证。BACKGROUND:As a temporary matrix for new bone growth,the porous scaffold plays a key role in the process of bone repair.The structural design of porous scaffolds is a research priority in the process of bone repair.OBJECTIVE:To summarize traditional bone scaffolds(regular,uniform scaffolds)and bionic scaffolds(irregular,inhomogeneous scaffolds)in the field of bone tissue engineering research.METHODS:A computerized search was performed in the databases of CNKI,VIP,WanFang,Web of Science,Science Direct,PubMed,and EI.Literature published from January 2008 to March 2024 was selected.The search terms in Chinese included“bone tissue engineering,bionic scaffolds,bone trabeculae,traditional scaffolds,bone repair,triple-period minimal surfaces.”The search terms in English were“bone tissue engineering,bionic scaffolds,bone trabeculae,traditional scaffolds,bone repair,TPMS.”Finally,81 articles were included for review.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The structural design of bone scaffolds is the key to achieve bone repair and bone regeneration,and scaffold technology in bone tissue engineering has made remarkable progress.Traditional regular porous scaffolds are widely used due to their simple manufacturing process and good mechanical properties.However,these scaffolds often lack biological activity and are difficult to mimic the complex microenvironment of natural bone tissue,limiting their ability to promote cell proliferation and bone regeneration.On the contrary,bionic scaffolds provide a more suitable physiological microenvironment by mimicking the structural features of natural bone tissues,which promotes the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts,as well as the formation of new bone,and provides a new way of thinking for the effective treatment of bone defects.Despite the great potential of bionic scaffolds in theory,they still face many challenges in practical applications.Factors such as the scaffold’s biocompatibility,bioactivity,and its long-term stability still need to be further verified through clin

关 键 词：骨组织工程 仿生支架 骨小梁 传统支架 骨修复 三周期极小曲面 拓扑优化 结构设计 单胞阵列 

分 类 号：R459.9[医药卫生—治疗学] R318.08[医药卫生—临床医学] R-1