从对立到合作——欧洲社会民主党与“新左派”关系的历史沿革  

From Opposition to Cooperation:The Historical Evolution of the Relationship Between Social Democratic Parties in Europe and the“New Left”

作　　者：韦冲霄 Wei Chongxiao

机构地区：[1]中共中央党校(国家行政学院)党的建设教研部,北京100081

出　　处：《当代世界社会主义问题》2024年第2期120-130,168,共12页Issues of Contemporary World Socialism

摘　　要：“新左派”思潮兴起于20世纪60年代,是一种从文化层面批判资本主义,关注边缘群体的革命价值的左翼思想,20世纪70年代后逐渐转变为一种推崇后物质主义价值观的左翼理念。欧洲“新左派”诞生之初曾与社会民主党对立,在前者的反建制色彩削弱后,社会民主党开始逐渐关注“新左派”重视的后物质主义议题。从总体上看,当下的欧洲社会民主党已经普遍认可了“新左派”的理念,各党所处的政治环境、政治地位及其领导人的个人风格则决定了它们对“新左派”思想的接受程度。虽然欧洲社会民主党在短期内很难得到“新左派”选民的彻底支持,但它们通过与其他左翼和自由主义政党在“新左派”议题上达成共识,结成政党联盟,不仅一定程度上缓解了自身的选举困境,也为左翼联合起来对抗兴起的极端右翼提供了可能。The “New Left” is a left-wing ideology that emerged in the 1950s which criticized capitalism from a cultural perspective and focused on the revolutionary values of marginalized groups. After the 1970s, it transformed into a left-wing ideology advocating postmaterialism values. At the beginning of the emergence of the “New Left”, it was opposed to the social democratic parties. After its “anti-establishment” image weakened, social democratic parties in Europe began to pay attention to the postmaterialism issues that the “New Left” was concerned about. Overall, the current social democratic parties in Europe have widely recognized the concept of the “New Left”, and the political environment, political status and personal style of the leaders determine their acceptance of the “New Left” ideology. Although it is difficult for social democratic parties in Europe to gain complete support from “New Left” voters in the short term, they still tried to reach a consensus with other left-wing and liberal parties on “New Left” issues and forming party alliances. It not only relieved their election dilemma to some extent, but also provided possibility for the left-wing union against the rising extreme right.

关 键 词：社会民主党 新左派 后物质主义 选举策略 

分 类 号：D75[政治法律—政治学] D564[政治法律—中外政治制度]