生产、销售“假兽药”行为刑事认定释疑  

The Criminal Determination of the Production and Sale of"Fake Veterinary Medicine"

作　　者：余越洋 Yu Yueyang

机构地区：[1]华东政法大学

出　　处：《青少年犯罪问题》2024年第4期107-120,共14页Issues on Juvenile Crimes and Delinquency

摘　　要：生产、销售、提供假药罪与生产、销售伪劣兽药罪存在较大的立法差异,但在体系解释中又互相影响。刑法中“假兽药”的认定完全从属于前置法有违具体规范的独立价值以及罪名本身的立法精神。从构成要件层面、法益层面以及立法动向角度来看,“形式假兽药”并不属于刑法中的“假兽药”,“实质假兽药”也不必然属于刑法中的“假兽药”。生产、销售伪劣兽药罪与生产、销售伪劣产品罪属于法条竞合中的交叉关系。产品犯罪普通法条兜底规则存在行为对象上的适用限制。一般生产、销售兽药违法行为不必然构成非法经营罪。参照妨害药品管理罪立法例增设妨害兽药管理罪既迎合了犯罪治理现代化的内在要求,也符合罪名认定的现实需要。在现行刑法下,对不构成生产、销售伪劣兽药罪以及不符合产品犯罪普通法条兜底规则的一般生产、销售兽药违法行为应当以无罪论处。The crime of producing,selling or supplying fake medicines and the crime of producing or selling fake-substandard veterinary medicines have major legislative differences,but they influence each other in the system interpretation.The determination of"fake veterinary medicine"in the criminal law is completely subordinate to the administrative regulations,which is contrary to the independent value of the specific norms and the legislative spirit of the crime itself.From the level of constituent elements,the level of legal benefits and the level of legislative trends,"formal fake veterinary medicine"does not belong to the criminal law"fake veterinary medicine","substantial fake veterinary medicine"does not necessarily belong to the"fake veterinary medicine"in criminal law.The crime of producing or selling fake-substandard veterinary medicines and the crime of producing and selling fake-substandard products belong to the intersection of competing laws and regulations.The behavior of the object of the applicable restrictions exists in the product crime ordinary law catch-all clause.General production and sale of veterinary medicines violations do not necessarily constitute the crime of illegal business operation.With reference to the obstruction of medicine management crime legislation,the establishment of the obstruction of veterinary medicine management crime not only meets the inherent requirements of the modernization of criminal governance,but also conforms to the real needs of the crime determination.Under the current criminal law,the general production and sale of veterinary medicine that do not constitute the crime of fake-substandard veterinary medicines and that do not conform to the product crime ordinary law catch-all clause should be decisively dealt with as not guilty.

关 键 词：假药 假兽药 伪劣产品 行刑衔接 生产、销售、提供假药罪 

分 类 号：D924.3[政治法律—刑法学]