平原红猕猴桃花青苷积累规律及合成代谢关键基因发掘  

Anthocyanin accumulation and related anabolic key genes in fruit of Pingyuanhong kiwifruit(Actinidia chinensis)

作　　者：王浩哲 钱海珍 尤红艳 叶振风[1] 贾兵[1] 朱立武[1] WANG Haozhe;QIAN Haizhen;YOU Hongyan;YE Zhenfeng;JIA Bing;ZHU Liwu(Anhui Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Quality Biology,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 236400,Anhui,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学园艺作物品质生物学安徽省重点实验室,合肥236400

出　　处：《果树学报》2024年第8期1534-1545,共12页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：安徽省重点研究计划(1804g07020177)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究平原红猕猴桃内果皮着色的分子机制,为培育低海拔、夏季高温地区栽培猕猴桃内果皮着色正常的新品种提供试验依据。【方法】通过高效液相色谱(HPLC)测定平原红和红阳猕猴桃花后30、60、90、120、150 d果肉中的花青苷含量变化,同时将果肉样品进行转录组测序,分析两个品种不同时期猕猴桃果肉相关差异表达基因(DEGs)并进行GO和KEGG富集分析,发掘促进猕猴桃内果皮花青苷合成的关键基因,对筛选出的关键基因进行实时荧光定量(RT-qPCR)检验。【结果】花后30~60 d,平原红和红阳猕猴桃果肉中未检出花青苷;花后90~150 d,两个品种猕猴桃果肉中花青苷主要以矢车菊素3-O-半乳糖苷的形式存在,仅在平原红花后90 d果肉样品中检出少量矢车菊素3-O-葡萄糖苷;花后150 d(果实采收时),平原红猕猴桃果肉中花青苷含量显著高于红阳,不仅其花青苷合成量显著增多,而且在夏季高温条件下其花青苷降解的速率也显著降低。转录组测序分析发现,花后90~150 d平原红与红阳猕猴桃果肉中共有2230个DEGs和6个差异表达的MYB家族转录因子;花后90、120、150 d三个时期DEGs的GO和KEGG富集分析表明,多数DEGs集中在与花青苷合成、转运、贮藏有关的功能和代谢途径上;在花青苷合成代谢途径中,筛选出Acc23647(Acc4CL)、Acc23632(AccDFR)两个与花青苷含量变化相吻合的关键DEGs;经过RT-qPCR检验,这两个关键DEGs相对表达量与转录组分析的FPKM值变化趋势一致。【结论】果实采收时,平原红果肉的花青苷含量是红阳猕猴桃的3.97倍;Acc4CL和AccDFR基因的上调表达,促进了平原红猕猴桃果肉中的花青苷合成;MYB家族的转录因子参与了平原红猕猴桃花青苷的合成代谢。【Objective】The kiwifruit(Actinidia chinensis)exhibits a diverse array of pulp colors during its developmental stages,ranging from light green,red to purple.The variance in red pulp coloration primarily arises from differences in anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin levels.Hongyang kiwifruit,renowned for its red fruit core,faces challenges of discoloration or lightening under high temperatures or low elevation conditions.Conversely,Pingyuanhong kiwifruit,a novel cultivar derived from the open pollination population of Hongyang,demonstrates resilience to such environmental influences.This study aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the red coloration of Pingyuanhong kiwifruit and provide insights for breeding new cultivars resilient to environmental variations,particularly suitable for low elevation or high-temperature regions.【Methods】The experimental materials consisted of fruits harvested from 5-year-old Hongyang and Pingyuanhong kiwifruit trees on A.delicious seedling rootstock.Both cultivars were cultivated under identical soil conditions and management practices at the Wanxi Kiwifruit Research Institute,Huoqiu County,Anhui Province.From May to September 2020,the fruit samples were collected every 30 days using random sampling principles,each sample consisted of 10 fruits and replicated three times.Upon sampling,fruits were wrapped in damp gauze,stored in ice boxes,and transported to the Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Quality Biology,Anhui Agricultural University.The fruits were then peeled,mashed,and thoroughly mixed before being flash-frozen with liquid nitrogen and stored at-80℃until further analysis.Anthocyanin content in the fruits of Pingyuanhong and Hongyang kiwifruit was assessed using high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)on 30,60,90,120,and 150 days after full bloom(DAFB).The dynamic changes and increments in anthocyanin accumulation during fruit development were analyzed.Simultaneously,the total RNA was extracted from fruit samples at these five stages f

关 键 词：猕猴桃 果实 花青苷 转录组 

分 类 号：S663.4[农业科学—果树学]