“明分使群”:作为社会秩序化机制的荀子社会分类学  

Mingfen Shiqun:Xunzi's Social Taxonomy as a Mechanism for Social Ordering

作　　者：郑鹏 ZHENG Peng

机构地区：[1]湘潭大学哲学与历史文化学院(碧泉书院)

出　　处：《社会学评论》2024年第4期31-53,共23页Sociological Review of China

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目“国家景观营造与空间秩序生产的历史社会学研究”(20CSH008)。

摘　　要：荀子群学的发现是中国社会思想史社会学化的产物。它所指涉的社会学核心问题是群如何有序地整合趋恶的个体。回答这一问题,不能止步于寻找社会控制工具,还要揭示荀子群学为完成社会秩序化所设计的社会机制。在《荀子》一书中,“分”是比“群”流布更为广泛的概念。据此可将视角由“群”转向“分”,构建荀子群学内在的社会秩序化机制。“明分使群”是荀学的本土性分析性概念,其理论基础是荀子社会分类学,正是由于该社会机制的作用,荀子“群居和一”的理想社会之等差结构才得以生成。The discovery of Xunzi Qunxue is the product of the sociology of the history of Chinese social thought.This sociological inquiry is primarily concerned with how individuals with a propensity for evil are systematically integrated into society.For this question,it is necessary to identify not only social control mechanisms but also the social mechanism that Xunzi Qunxue designed to implement social order.In the text of Xunzi,the concept of"division(fen)"is broader than'grouping(qun)".Based on this,the perspective can be shifted from""group"to"division",and the internal social order mechanism of Xunzi Qunxue science can be constructed.Mingfen Shiqun(dividing people by etiquette and socially grouping them)is an indigenous analytical tool based on Xunzi's social taxonomy,and the equal structure of Xunzi's ideal society,referred to as""group living and one",is generated in part by the actions of this social mechanism.

关 键 词：分类学 “明分使群” 社会机制-结构 中国社会思想史 

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