缩短水稻生育期的优化方法  

An Optimized Approach to Shorten the Reproductive Period of Rice

作　　者：苗哲宁 李瑶[1,2] 任小青 凌宇轩 李宜泳 夏志辉[1,2] Miao Zhening;Li Yao;Ren Xiaoqing;Ling Yuxuan;Li Yiyong;Xia Zhihui(Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hanan University,Sanya,572025;College of Tropical Crops,Hainan University,Haikou,570228)

机构地区：[1]海南大学三亚南繁研究院,三亚572025 [2]海南大学热带作物学院,海口570228

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2024年第16期5376-5382,共7页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：海南省基础与应用基础研究(自然科学领域)高层次人才基金项目(2019RC095)资助。

摘　　要：为研究三亚南繁田间气候条件下,缩短水稻生育期的优化方法。本研究以水稻‘SAAS-10’品种为试验材料,采取短日照、0.3%磷酸二氢钾、3000倍释1.8%复硝酚钠水剂及其复合处理,分别在稻株6.5叶龄时期、减数分裂盛期、孕穗末期和齐穗期进行试验处理。试验表明:在促进水稻生长发育方面,短日照处理分别搭配复硝酚钠和磷酸二氢钾处理均具有加和效应。其中,短日照条件下,喷施复硝酚钠和磷酸二氢钾是缩短水稻生育期的最优方法,能使水稻花期提前10.4 d,生育期缩短17.2 d。此外,短日照结合喷施复硝酚钠处理的小区种子萌发率最高,达到86.3%。本研究建立了三亚南繁田间气候条件下的缩短水稻生育期的优化方法,将促进水稻的育种进程。In order to study the optimum method of shortening rice growth period under the field climate condition of Sanya Nanfan.In this study,rice variety SAAS-10 was used as the experimental material.Short sunshine,0.3%potassium dihydrogen phosphate,3000 times dilute 1.8%compound sodium nitrophenolate aqueous solution and their combination treatment were used to conduct the experimental treatment at 6.5 leaf age of rice plant,meiosis peak stage,late pregnancy and heading stage,respectively.The results showed that short-day treatment combined with sodium nitrophenolate and potassium phosphate had additive effect on promoting rice growth and development.Among them,spraying compound sodium nitrophenolate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate was the best way to shorten the rice growth period under the condition of short sunshine,which could advance the florescence of rice by 10.4 d and shorten the growth period by 17.2 d.In addition,the treatment of short sunshine combined with spraying compound sodium nitrophenolate had the highest seed germination rate of 86.3%.In this study,an optimization method was established to shorten the rice growth period under the field climatic conditions of Sanya Nanfan,which will promote the rice breeding process.

关 键 词：水稻 短日照 复硝酚钠 磷酸二氢钾 缩短生育期 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]