叶果比对‘新新2号’核桃叶片光合特征的影响  

Effects of Leaf-to-fruit Ratio on Photosynthetic Characteristics of'Xinxin2'Walnut Leaves

作　　者：陈虹[1] 孙守霞 张述斌 吕威 周光辉 杨丽 潘存德[1] Chen Hong;Sun Shouxia;Zhang Shubin;LüWei;Zhou Guanghui;Yang Li;Pan Cunde(Key Laboratory of Forestry Ecology and Industry Technology in Arid Region,Education Department of Xinjiang,College of Forestry and Horticulture,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi,830052)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学林学与风景园林学院,新疆教育厅干旱区林业生态与产业技术重点试验室,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2024年第16期5444-5451,共8页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31760219;31960325);2018年自治区天山青年计划项目(2018Q020);2017年自治区高校科研计划(重大项目)(XJEDU2017I006);2021年自治区天山英才计划项目和新疆农业大学博士后流动站共同资助。

摘　　要：源库关系通过对光合同化物的运输、分配及光能的捕获协调果树产量,针对新疆早实核桃普遍存在叶果比不合理的现象,本研究以‘新新2号’核桃为研究对象,分别于花后30、60、90、120 d进行不同叶果比下核桃叶片光合特性测定。研究发现,结果枝叶片数目为1~2片时,叶片P_(n)、G_(s)值随着叶果比的增大而增大;叶片数目为3~4片时,叶片的P_n值较高并出现峰值且2果和3果结果枝上叶片P_(n)之间差异不显著;叶片数目为5片时,叶果比与P_(n)、G_(s)值呈显著负相关。结果表明,核桃叶果比为(1~2)L:(2~3)F时,叶片的光合能力较弱,叶果比为(3~5)L:(1~2)F时叶片的光合能力较强。合适的叶果比范围内,即果实数量一定,叶片数量为3~5时,叶果比的改变对叶片光合作用无显著影响。本研究为核桃合理的叶果比提供参考,为核桃树整形修剪、确定合理负载量提供理论依据。The source-sink relationship coordinates fruit tree yield through the transport and distribution of assimilates and the capture of light energy.In response to the widespread issue of an unreasonable leaf-to-fruit ratio in early-bearing walnut trees in Xinjiang,this study investigated the photosynthetic characteristics of walnut leaves under different leaf-to-fruit ratios using the'Xinxin2'walnut as the research subject.Measurements were taken at 30,60,90,and 120 days after flowering.The study found that when the number of leaves per fruit-bearing branch was 1~2,the values of Pn(photosynthetic rate)and Gs(stomatal conductance)increased with the increase in leaf-to-fruit ratio.When the number of leaves was 3~4,the Pn value was higher and peaked,with no significant difference in Pn between branches bearing 2 and 3 fruits.When the number of leaves was 5,there was a significant negative correlation between the leaf-to-fruit ratio and the values of Pn and Gs.The results indicate that when the leaf-to-fruit ratio is(1~2)L:(2~3)F,the photosynthetic capacity of the leaves is weaker,while a leaf-to-fruit ratio of(3~5)L:(1~2)F results in stronger photosynthetic capacity.Within an appropriate leaf-to-fruit ratio range,i.e.,a certain number of fruits and 3~5 leaves,changes in the leaf-to-fruit ratio do not significantly affect leaf photosynthesis.This study provides a reference for determining a reasonable leaf-to-fruit ratio in walnuts and offers a theoreti-cal basis for walnut tree pruning and load determination.

关 键 词：核桃 叶果比 叶片 光合特征 

分 类 号：S664.1[农业科学—果树学]