氮素水平对雪茄烟苗期干物质积累及氮素营养的影响  

Effects of Nitrogen Levels on Dry Matter Accumulation and Nitrogen Nutrition of Cigar at Seedling Stage

作　　者：袁国议 孔光辉[2] 张光海 赵高坤[2] 吴玉萍[2] 李薇[2] 李永平[2] 白羽祥 周鹏 杜宇 姚恒[2] 王戈[1] YUAN Guoyi;KONG Guanghui;ZHANG Guanghai;ZHAO Gaokun;WU Yuping;LI Wei;LI Yongping;BAI Yuxiang;ZHOU Peng;DU Yu;YAO Heng;WANG Ge(College of Tobacco Science,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming,Yunnan 650201;Yunnan Tobacco Agricultural Research Institute,Yuxi,Yunnan 653100,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学烟草学院,云南昆明650201 [2]云南省烟草农业科学研究院,云南玉溪653100

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2024年第8期43-51,共9页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：中国烟草总公司云南省公司科技计划项目(2022530000241004)(2023530000241005)。

摘　　要：【目的】探明氮营养水平对雪茄烟幼苗生长及氮素吸收利用的影响,为提升雪茄烟产质量提供依据。【方法】以2个雪茄烟品种(云雪38、云雪39)为供试材料,采用营养液培养法,比较缺氮(N_(0))、正常供氮(210 mg/L,N_(1))、超量供氮(420 mg/L,N_(2))对雪茄烟幼苗生长状况、干物质积累及氮素吸收利用的影响。【结果】缺氮和超量供氮烟苗均表现出典型症状,正常供氮处理在生长指标及长势长相方面均明显优于其他处理;正常供氮干物质积累量均不同程度高于缺氮和超量供氮处理,且云雪39干物质积累速率整体上均高于云雪38;超量供氮烟苗总氮积累量高于其他处理,且云雪39总氮积累量整体高于云雪38;正常供氮处理烟苗氮利用效率均显著高于超量供氮处理,且云雪39较云雪38对施氮量的响应更敏感。【结论】缺氮和超量供氮条件下,烟苗干物质积累及氮积累均受到不同程度抑制,正常供氮水平(210 mg/L)有效促进烟苗生长发育、干物质积累及氮素利用效率,不同雪茄烟品种对氮素供应水平的响应存在差异。【Objective】The effects of nitrogen levels on the growth and nitrogen uptake and utilization of cigar tobacco seedlings were studied to provide support for improving the yield and quality of cigar.【Method】Taking two cigar tobacco varieties(Yunxue 38 and Yunxue 39) as test materials,the nutrient solution culture method was used to compare the effects of different nitrogen supply levels(nitrogen deficiency,N_(0);normal nitrogen supply with 210 mg/L,N_(1);excess nitrogen supply with 420 mg/L,N_(2)) on the growth status,dry matter accumulation and nitrogen absorption and utilization of cigar tobacco seedlings.【Result】The tobacco seedlings treated with N_(0) and N_(2) both showed typical symptoms,and N_(1) was significantly better than other treatments in terms of growth indexes,growth potentiality and phenotype.The dry matter accumulation under N_(1) treatment was higher than that of N_(0) and N_(2) to different degrees,and the dry matter accumulation rate of Yunxue 39 was higher than that of Yunxue 38 as a whole.The total nitrogen accumulation of cigar seedlings treated with N_(2) was significantly higher than that of other treatments,and the total nitrogen accumulation of Yunxue 39 was higher than that of Yunxue 38 as a whole.The utilization rate of total nitrogen of tobacco seedlings treated with N_(1) was higher than that of N_(2) treatment,Yunxue 39 was more sensitive to the response to nitrogen application rate than Yunxue 38.【Conclusion】Under the conditions of nitrogen deficiency and excess nitrogen supply,the dry matter accumulation and nitrogen accumulation are inhibited to different degrees.The normal nitrogen supply(210 mg/L) can effectively promote the growth and development of tobacco seedlings,the dry matter accumulation and nitrogen utilization efficiency.There are differences in the response of different cigar varieties to nitrogen supply levels.

关 键 词：雪茄烟 氮素供应 农艺性状 干物质积累 氮素利用率 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]