滇中坡林地土壤养分与酶活性对等高反坡阶整地的响应  

Response of soil nutrients and enzyme activities to contour reverse-slope land preparation in slope forest land of central Yunnan Province

作　　者：王润柳 刘欣艺 徐其静 侯磊[1] 王克勤[1] WANG Runliu;LIU Xinyi;XU Qijing;HOU Lei;WANG Keqin(College of Ecology and Environment,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学生态与环境学院,云南昆明650224

出　　处：《浙江农林大学学报》2024年第4期769-777,共9页Journal of Zhejiang A&F University

基　　金：云南省重点研发专项课题(2018BB018);云南省“一流”学科水土保持与荒漠化防治新型培育学科(05000-523005)。

摘　　要：【目的】通过分析等高反坡阶整地对退化坡林地恢复过程中土壤养分与酶活性的影响,揭示该措施生态修复的作用机制。【方法】以昆明市松华坝水源区迤者小流域的退化云南松Pinus yunnanensis坡林地为对象,设置等高反坡阶整地1 a样地(1 a)和10 a样地(10 a),以原状坡面(ck)为对照,比较土壤养分质量分数和酶活性在反坡阶的阶上和阶下及不同土层深度(0~10、10~20、20~30和30~40 cm)的分布差异。【结果】(1)等高反坡阶整地显著提高土壤养分质量分数(P<0.05),碳、氮、磷等养分提升达15.3%~236.2%,阶下高于阶上,表层土壤(0~10 cm)增加最明显。(2)土壤脲酶、蔗糖酶、酸性磷酸酶和过氧化氢酶活性均表现为10 a样地显著高于ck(P<0.05),4种酶活性提升范围在3.7%~587.5%,阶下仍高于阶上,表层土壤酶活性提升显著(P<0.05)。(3)冗余分析显示:等高反坡阶整地后土壤养分对酶活性的累积解释贡献率升高,ck、1和10 a样地分别为68.0%、88.0%和92.7%;反坡阶整地后土壤养分与酶活性的正相关关系提高,相关系数范围和达极显著性组数(P<0.01)由ck的0.26~0.99和1组,增至10 a样地的0.78~1.00和15组。【结论】退化坡林地实施等高反坡阶整地后,可促进土壤养分蓄积,激发土壤酶活性,增加两者在土壤生理生化反应过程中的配合度,最终改善土壤质量。[Objective]The aim is to reveal the mechanism of ecological restoration by analyzing the effects of contour reverse-slope terrace on soil nutrients and enzyme activities during the restoration of degraded slope forest.[Method]The degraded Pinus yunnanensis slope forest land in Yizhe minor watershed of Songhuaba water source area in Kunming City was taken as the research object.1-year and 10-year contour reverse-slope terrace preparation trials were set up,with the original slope as a control(ck).Soil nutrients contents and enzyme activities above and below the terrace,as well as those at different soil depths(0−10,10−20,20−30,and 30−40 cm)were systematically compared.[Result](1)Contour reverse-slope terraces displayed a significant increase in soil nutrient contents(P<0.05),and the nutrients such as carbon,nitrogen,and phosphorus increased by 15.3%−236.2%.The nutrient levels below the terrace were higher than those above the terrace,and the increase in surface soil(0−10 cm)was the most significant.(2)The activities of soil urease,sucrase,acid phosphatase,and catalase in 10-year plots were significantly higher than those in ck(P<0.05),and the 4 enzyme activities increased by 3.7%−587.5%.Soil enzyme activities below the terrace were still higher than those above the terrace.The increase in enzyme activity in the surface soil was significant(P<0.05).(3)Redundancy analysis showed that soil enzyme activities were better interpreted by soil nutrient indicators after soil preparation of contour reverse-slope terrace measures,with ck,1-year plots,and 10-year plots accounting for 68.0%,88.0%,and 92.7%,respectively.The positive correlation between soil nutrients contents and enzyme activities increased after soil preparation of contour reverse-slope terrace measures,and the range of correlation coefficients and the number of highly significant groups(P<0.01)increased from 0.26−0.99 and 1 group in ck to 0.78−1.00 and 15 groups in 10-year plots,respectively.[Conclusion]The implementation of contour reverse-

关 键 词：土壤养分 土壤酶活性 等高反坡阶 退化坡林地 

分 类 号：S714.8[农业科学—林学]