苗族精英梁聚五的中华民族观发展脉络  

The Development of Miao Elite Liang Juwu s Chinese National View

作　　者：孙腾蛟 马廷中[1] Sun Tengjiao;Ma Tingzhong(School of Tourism and Historical Culture,Southwest Minzu University,Chengdu,610041,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]西南民族大学旅游与历史文化学院,四川成都610041

出　　处：《民族学刊》2024年第2期59-69,128,共12页Journal of Ethnology

摘　　要：梁聚五的民族观以中华民族认同为根本,以民族平等为缘起,以国家至上为核心,以在中国共产党领导下实现各民族共同繁荣为最终指向。这既得益于他的中华民族认同感与主观能动性的充分发挥,亦深受环境、时代和阅历等外在因素的影响,其中现代执政党的民族认识和政策引导尤其重要。清政府对黔东南苗族的整合留给梁聚五的历史记忆和辛亥革命提出的“国内各民族一律平等”的国策,促成了梁聚五民族观的发轫。在关系国家存亡、民族生死的抗日战争时期,梁聚五投身抗日活动,进一步形塑了以中华民族认同为基础的民族观。抗战胜利前后,“苗夷”问题成为梁聚五关注的焦点,国民政府的民族同化政策使他的民族观开始倾向于“我族”的意识表达和权利争取。中华人民共和国成立后,中国共产党的平等、团结、共同繁荣发展的民族政策让梁聚五找到了内心的依归,在马克思主义民族观的指导下,他积极做出调适,民族观最终成型。梁聚五的民族观及其发展脉络为新时代铸牢中华民族共同体意识提供了边疆少数民族精英的个案视角和有益经验。As a prominent representative of ethnic minorities in southwestern China,Liang Juwu,a Miao intellectual,has garnered significant academic attention.Scholars have tried to investigate his adaptation to different national systems and the evolution of his concept of national and ethnic identity,as well as explore his academic theories,identity formation,and other issues.In general,scholarly research mostly has been focusing on Liang Juwu s consciousness expression of“one s own ethnic group”,particularly emphasizing his efforts to negotiate with the central government in order to advocate for the rights and interests of“one s own ethnic group”.Further study is deemed necessary to explore the national view evident in his written texts and political practices,along with examining his viewpoints on the“consciousness of Chinese national identity”.Findings show that Liang Juwu s national viewpoint regards Chinese national identity as its foundation,ethnic equality as its origin,national supremacy as its core principle,and the realization of common prosperity for all ethnic groups under the leadership of the CPC as its ultimate aspiration.This perspective not only appears to emerge from Liang Juwu s subjective initiative based on a sense of Chinese national identity and leadership consciousness but conceivably also has been deeply shaped by external factors such as environmental influences,historical contexts,and personal experiences.In modern China,the intertwined border disputes and national crises spurred rapid transformations in state systems and political structures.Although Liang Junqu was raised in a Miao-populated region,he received a new school education.He came into contact with Western concepts of“nation”,and developed an independent and transcendent way of thinking,characteristic of a modern intellectual.He always seemed to be concerned about the future and destiny of the Chinese nation,laying the groundwork for his national outlook.During the Anti-Japanese War,deemed pivotal to the survival of

关 键 词：梁聚五 民族观 少数民族精英 民族政策 中华民族共同体意识 

分 类 号：C956[社会学—民族学]