什么样的“手”会看不见?  

What kind of“hands”are invisible?

作　　者：柯华庆[1] KE Huaqing

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学

出　　处：《新经济》2024年第8期5-19,共15页New Economy

摘　　要：任何经济活动,都是主体的活动,都是“看得见的手”。最初斯密提出的“看不见的手”是神(朱庇特)的手,认为市场是神秘的强大的不可理解的。现在,市场经济的增值功能是清清楚楚的,但因为新古典经济学将其数学化了,从而再次被神化了,以至于有“市场万能”的观念。事实上,从个体、家庭、中小企业、大中型企业到各级政府和国家,参与经济活动时都是“看得见的手”,区别只在于“手”的大小,有小手、中手和大手。有些跨国大型企业事实上比小国政府的“手”更加看得见和更加强大。“看不见的手”理论是否应该消解呢?也许在迷信市场的资本主义国家仍然会相信这种“神手”,但在社会主义国家,应该尽可能明晰各种层次的“看得见的手”,研究“看得见的手”参与市场交易和分配的机制,从而可以提出贯通微观经济、中观经济和宏观经济的通观经济学。Every economic activity is an activity of the subject,in other words,it is a“visible hand”.Initially the“invisible hand”according to Adam Smith was the hand of God(Jupiter),indicating that the market is mysterious,powerful,and incomprehensible.Nowadays,it is clear that the market economy is value-added.But due to the neoclassical economics,it has been mathematized and deified,which leading to the concept that the market is omnipotent.In fact,they are all“visible hands”when individuals,families,small and medium-sized enterprises,large enterprises,governments,and countries participate in economic activities.The differences among those“hands”are only in the size of them,which are small,medium or large.Some“hands”of multinational corporations are even more visible and powerful than the“hands”of small country governments.So should the theory of“invisible hand”be dismantled?Maybe they will still believe in the“hand of Jupiter”in those capitalist countries who have faith in the market.But in socialist countries,it is important to clarify the various levels of the“visible hand”and study the mechanisms by which the“visible hand”takes part in the market transaction and distribution.This allows for the formulation of Lead-Economics which integrates micro-economics,meso-economics,and macro-economics.

关 键 词：“朱庇特的手” “看不见的手” “看得见的手” 

分 类 号：G646[文化科学—高等教育学]