超高速撞击薄板的球形弹丸临界破碎速度分析  

Analysis of fragmentation initiation threshold velocity for hypervelocity impacting of spherical projectiles on thin walls

作　　者：白凯强 张春波 何起光 陈小伟 BAI Kaiqiang;ZHANG Chunbo;HE Qiguang;CHEN Xiaowei(School of Mechatronical Engineering,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China;The System Design Institute of Mechanical-Electrical Engineering,Beijing 100854,China;Institute of Fluid Physics,China Academy of Engineering Physics,Mianyang 621900,China;Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学机电学院,北京100081 [2]北京机电工程总体设计部,北京100854 [3]中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所,绵阳621900 [4]北京理工大学前沿交叉科学研究院,北京100081

出　　处：《航天器环境工程》2024年第4期459-467,共9页Spacecraft Environment Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金创新群体项目(编号:12221002);国家自然科学基金面上项目(编号:12372346);北京理工大学研究生科研水平和创新能力提升专项计划项目(编号:2023YCXY019)。

摘　　要：超高速撞击薄板的球形弹丸的临界破碎速度目前主要通过实验和数值模拟确定。文章提出一种求解弹丸临界破碎速度的理论思路:根据临界破碎前/后弹丸尾部特征点速度不同的特性,分别建立描述弹丸尾部特征点在临界破碎前/后速度的理论模型;基于两速度模型相等的临界条件,理论求解不同弹靶厚径比下弹丸的临界破碎速度,并与Piekutowski实验及经验曲线相关数据进行比较;进一步用FE-SPH自适应耦合方法数值模拟铝球超高速撞击铝板过程,对弹丸临界破碎速度理论模型预测值两侧的工况进行数值模拟验证。分析结果表明:理论模型预测值与实验和数值模拟结果吻合良好。该理论研究成果还可推广至不同材质弹/靶的球形弹丸超高速撞击薄板情形,对指导Whipple防护结构的设计具有重要意义。The fragmentation initiation threshold velocity for spherical projectiles impacting on thin walls at hypervelocity is mainly determined by experiments and numerical simulations currently.In this study,a theoretical approach for solving fragmentation initiation threshold velocity of projectiles was presented.Theoretical models were established to describe the feature point velocity at the tail of projectiles before/after their fragmentation initiation.Based on the critical condition that the two velocity models were equal,the projectile fragmentation initiation threshold velocity under various bumper-thickness-to-projectile-diameter ratios(t/D)were theoretically solved and compared with the data from Piekutowski experiment and related empirical data.Furthermore,the FE-SPH adaptive coupling method was utilized to theoretically simulate an aluminum projectile impacting on an aluminum bumper at hypervelocity.The working conditions on both sides of the predicted value of the fragmentation initiation threshold velocity were numerically simulated for validation.The analysis indicates that the theoretically predicted results conform well with the experimental and the numerical simulation results.The approach may be extended to diverse materials of spherical projectiles impacting on thinwalled bumpers at hypervelocity.It is of reference for guiding the design of Whipple protective structures.

关 键 词：超高速撞击 弹丸临界破碎速度 碎片云 特征点速度 理论模型 

分 类 号：O389[理学—流体力学] V441.9[理学—力学]