致伤物推断的准确性探讨  

Evaluate Accuracy of Estimation on Injury Object

作　　者：邹文亮 万贝贝 ZOU Wen-liang;WAN Bei-bei(Ganzhou Southern Forensic Identification Center,Ganzhou 341000,China)

机构地区：[1]赣州南方司法鉴定中心,赣州341000

出　　处：《伤害医学（电子版）》2024年第1期23-27,共5页Injury Medicine（Electronic Edition）

摘　　要：目的 探讨依据损伤形态推断致伤物的准确性及其注意要点。方法收集江西省赣州市某鉴定中心2018-2022年受理的纠纷类损伤案例,根据损伤的形态特征并结合辅助检查等,参照《法医学机械性损伤致伤物分类及推断指南》(GA/T 1969-2021)对致伤物进行分析推断,并与实际致伤物比较。结果2018-2022年累计受理的纠纷类损伤案例2 400例,其中男性案例1 980例,占总案例数82.5%,女性案例420例,占总案例数17.5%,男女比例约为4.71:1;年龄分布,以青壮年(16~50岁)居多,计2 110例,占87.92%;钝器伤2 165例,占总案例数的90.21%,锐器伤188例,占总案例数7.83%,其他损伤47例,占1.96%;根据损伤的形态特征并结合辅助检查正确推断致伤物1 994例,其中钝器伤正确推断致伤物1 821例,占钝器伤的84.11%,锐器伤正确推断致伤物173例,占锐器伤的92.02%;钝器损伤中轻伤及以上215例,占钝器损伤的9.93%,锐器损伤中轻伤及以上160例,占锐器伤的85.11%。结论单纯根据损伤形态及辅助检查来准确推断具体是何种致伤物存在不确定性。正确的致伤物推断可以为案件定性和量刑提供重要的证据支持,研究致伤物推断的正确率可以不断完善法医学的理论和方法,推动法医学的发展,有助于提高司法公正性,保障当事人的合法权益。Objective To evaluate accuracy and points for attention of inferring the injury object according to the injury form.Methods From 2018 to 2022,cases of dissension-type injuries at the appraisal center in Ganzhou,Jiangxi Province were collected.,These cases were based on morphological characteristics of the injuries in combination with auxiliary examinations,etc.,according to the"Forensic medicine-Guidelines for classification and inference of vulnerabilities from mechanical injuries"(GA/T 1969-2021).Our investigation analyzed and infered the causative agents,and compares them with the actual causative agents.Results There were 2400 cases of disputed injury,among which 1980 cases were male,accounting for 82.5%,and 420 cases were female,accounting for 17.5%of the total cases.The ratio of male to female was about 4.71:1.There were 2110 cases(87.92%)of adults(16-50 years old),2165 cases(90.21%)of blunt force injury,188 cases(7.83%)of sharp force injury,and 47 cases(1.96%)of other injuries.According to the morphological characteristics of the injuries and the auxiliary examinations,1994 cases of injuries were correctly inferred.Among them,1821 cases were blunt force injuries,accounting for 84.11%of all blunt force injuries,and 173 cases were sharp force injuries,accounting for 92.02%of all sharp force injuries.Among the blunt force injuries,there were 215 cases of minor or worse injuries,accounting for 9.93%.Among the sharp force injuries,there were 160 cases of minor or worse injuries,accounting for 85.11%.Conclusions Based on the injury form and auxiliary examination,it has been uncertain to infer exactly what kind of injury object for the cases.Correct deduction of the injury object can provide important evidence support for case characterization and sentencing.Correct inference of the injury object can provide important evidentiary support for case qualification and sentencing.Studying the accuracy of injury object inference can continuously improve the theory,method and development of forensic medicine,and help en

关 键 词：法医损伤学 机械性损伤 致伤物推断 

分 类 号：D919[医药卫生—法医学]