精神科一线医护人员健康危险性压力的影响因素及其伤害的预防措施  

Impact of health risk stress on injury and their preventive measures among psychiatric front-line medical staff

作　　者：曹桐 丁夏齐[2] 吴书超 丁玲 朱俊 唐蕴[1] 王建红 CAO Tong;DING Xia-qi;WU Shu-chao;DING Ling;ZHU Jun;TANG Yun;WANG Jian-hong(Shenzhen Mental Health Center/Shenzhen Kangning Hospital,Shenzhen 518118,China;School of Management,Shenzhen University,Shenzhen 518073,China)

机构地区：[1]深圳市精神卫生中心急性干预科,深圳518118 [2]深圳大学管理学院,深圳518073

出　　处：《伤害医学（电子版）》2024年第1期38-43,共6页Injury Medicine（Electronic Edition）

基　　金：广东省高水平临床重点专科(深圳市配套建设经费)资助(SZGSP013)

摘　　要：目的 本研究通过调查精神科一线医护人员压力知觉水平和健康危险性压力状况以及共情能力和人格特质,分析影响健康危险性职业压力发生的相关因素,以期为制定预防医护人员健康危险性压力伤害发生的措施提供依据。方法采用一般人口学资料、中文版知觉压力量表(chinese perceived stress scale,CPSS)、人际反应指针量表(interpersonal reactivity index,IRI)和简版大五人格问卷(general big five personality scale,GBFPS)对精神科一线医护人员进行调查,采用logistic回归分析健康危险性压力的影响因素。结果共纳入172人,知觉压力量表总分19.88±7.66,其中大于临界值(25分)共34人,占比19.8%,logistic回归分析结果显示研究生及以上学历(OR=0.100,95%CI:0.018,0.570)、个人痛苦(OR=1.155,95%CI:1.004,1.330)、神经质性(OR=0.746,95%CI:0.605,0.921)和宜人性(OR=0.799,95%CI:0.674,0.947)是健康危险压力的影响因素。结论精神科一线医护人员健康危险性职业压力状况不容乐观,建议采取鼓励职工深造、入职心理特质筛查以及避免培训共情可能带来伤害的部分内容等措施以期达到预防的作用。Objective To investigate perceived stress level and health risk stress status on injury among front-line psychiatric medical staff,and to provide a basis for prevention of such problems.Method General demographic data,Chinese Perceived Stress Scale,Interpersonal Response Indicator Scale and General Big Five Personality Questionnaire were used to investigate the front-line psychiatric medical staff,and influencing factors of health risk stress status were analyzed by logistic regression.Results A total of 172 staff were included,and the total score of the perceived stress scale was 19.88±7.66,of which 34 were above the critical value(25 points),accounting for 19.8%.Logistic regression analysis showed that master degree or above(OR=0.100,95%CI:0.018,0.570),personal pain(OR=1.155,95%CI:1.004,1.330),neuroticism(OR-0.746,95%Cl:0.605,0.921)and agreeableness(0R=0.799,95%CI:0.674,0.947)were the influencing factors of health risk stress.Higher education background,lower neuroticism and higher agreeableness were protective factors.Conclusion The status of health risk stress among front-line psychiatric medical staff was not optimistic.Some measures should therefore be taken to encourage employees for screening psychological traits on entry,and to avoid the harmful parts of empathy training.

关 键 词：精神科 医护人员 健康危险性压力 共情能力 人格特质 

分 类 号：R192[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]