混合式抽水蓄能电站群容量计算研究Ⅰ:短期调峰特征与梯级开发增益  

Research on capacity computation of cascade on-stream integral pumped storage hydropower plantsⅠ:short-term peak shaving and gain of cascade development

作　　者：郭爱军[1] 畅建霞[1] 王义民[1] 王学斌[1] 孙骁强 GUO Aijun;CHANG Jianxia;WANG Yimin;WANG Xuebin;SUN Xiaoqiang(Xi’an University of Technology,State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-hydraulic Engineering in Arid Area,Xi’an 710048,China;Northwest Branch of State Grid Corporation of China,Xi’an 710049,China)

机构地区：[1]西安理工大学西北旱区生态水利国家重点实验室,陕西西安710048 [2]国家电网公司西北分部,陕西西安710049

出　　处：《水利学报》2024年第7期768-779,共12页Journal of Hydraulic Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(U2243233,U2003204);国家自然科学基金面上项目(52379024)。

摘　　要：依托常规梯级水电站修建混合式抽水蓄能电站(简称混蓄电站)成为提升电力系统调峰能力的重要途径。混蓄电站即可抽水又可发电的典型运行方式增加了水电基地的灵活性调节能力,为此亟需研究其运行方式以及与原有梯级水电站运行方式间的互馈关系。研究以黄河上游待开发龙羊峡-拉西瓦、拉西瓦-尼那混蓄电站为对象,建立含混蓄电站的梯级水电站短期联合调峰优化模型,分析混蓄电站对原有梯级水电站运行方式的影响,基于理论推导与数值计算两种方法揭示混蓄电站调峰效果的变化特征。主要结论如下:(1)混蓄电站抽水水量经由原有梯级水电站机组下泄,使得非填谷时段原有水电站出力增加,水电站上旋备容量降低;(2)龙羊峡水电站满发流量相对较小、拉西瓦水库调节库容较小以及日综合利用供水流量过大是制约混蓄电站调峰效果的主要因素,发现了综合利用流量影响混蓄电站调峰效果的临界特性,并提出了临界综合利用流量的计算公式;(3)发现并量化了混蓄电站梯级开发模式较单一开发模式所带来的梯级抽水调峰增益现象,并揭示了梯级抽水调峰增益背后所蕴含的“河流梯级反向再造”内在机理。On-stream integral pumped storage hydropower(PSH)building upon conventional cascade hydropower stations becomes an important way to prompt peak regulation capacity of power system.The energy storage power station adds the flexibility of the hydropower base by its pumping and generating operation,and changes the operation mode of original cascade hydropower stations,so it is urgent to disclose the operation rule of PSH and its impact on the cascade hydropower stations.In this study,two planned PSH stations,Longyangxia-Laxiwa and Laxiwa-Nina,located in the upper Yellow River Basin are taken as examples.An optimal short-term peak shaving model of PSH stations and cascade hydropower stations is constructed to analyze the impact of PSH operation on hydropower stations,and disclose the critical phenomenon of peak shaving of PSH operation through theoretical analysis method and numerical method.The main conclusions are as follows:(i)The stored energy by the PSH station is converted into the hydropower by the hydropower station units which increases the power of hydropower station and induces the decrease of the up-spinning reserve;(ii)The lower full traffic of Longyangxia hydropower station,the less regulating storage of Laxiwa reservoir and the larger water quantity for multipurpose water supply are the key factors in decreasing the peak shaving effect of PSH station.The critical point of water supply flow for multipurpose use is disclosed and related formula is derived;(iii)The phenomenon of cascade pumping peak shaving gain embedded in cascade PSH stations development mode in comparison with the single development mode is found and quantified,revealing the inherent principle of river function regenerating inversely in succession under cascade PSH stations development mode.

关 键 词：混蓄电站群 临界调峰特征 梯级开发增益 黄河流域 

分 类 号：TV214[水利工程—水文学及水资源]