大型岔管内螺旋流涡带数值分析研究  

Numerical analysis of the spiral vortex ropes within a large bifurcated pipe

作　　者：申艳[1] 姜姿云 杨利 宋蕊香[2] 王薇[1] 郭苗 SHEN Yan;JIANG Ziyun;YANG Li;SONG Ruixiang;WANG Wei;GUO Miao(School of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering,North China Electric Power University,Beijing 102206,China;POWERCHINA Beijing Engineering Corporation Limited,Beijing 100024,China)

机构地区：[1]华北电力大学水利与水电工程学院,北京102206 [2]中国电建集团北京勘测设计研究院有限公司,北京100024

出　　处：《水利学报》2024年第7期827-837,共11页Journal of Hydraulic Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(52279084);国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(51909132,52206048);中央高校基金项目(2024MS065)。

摘　　要：岔管部件广泛应用于常规水电站、抽水蓄能电站等重要水力发电工程。大型岔管(D主≥6 m)由于岔管外形,肋板结构及内部流态三因素耦合可能导致螺旋流涡带,其对岔管的水力损失具有不可忽略的消极后果。本文基于经典k-ε湍流模型联合考虑实际岔管材料壁面粗糙率,构建了考虑壁面真实粗糙度的钢岔管内部流态k-ε湍流模型。计算结果与实验数据对比验证了本文构建数值模型的有效性及准确性。随后采用导流叶片策略有效消除了大型岔管内的螺旋流涡带现象。研究结果表明:多导流叶片优化方案可有效减少和消除大型岔管中的螺旋流态,并减少岔管水力损失。具体地,对岔管支管路中不同流量工况,优化后的主管路部分流线分布均匀,最大流速位于岔管支管路弯管(内弯)附近;优化后岔管肋板两端涡旋流态基本消除。对岔管支管流量不均匀工况,支管路内螺旋流涡带流态明显减缓,只存在少量螺旋流态。本文研究结果可对岔管水力优化设计及相近研究领域提供一定参考。Bifurcated pipes are widely used in critical fields such as hydropower stations,pumped storage power stations,and other important industries.The coupling of bifurcation shape,rib structure,and flow pattern in large-scale bifurcated pipes(main pipe diameter of more than 6 meters)leads to the undesired spiral vortex ropes,which contributes to the increase of non-negligible hydraulic losses of the bifurcated pipe.The spiral flow pattern near the rib in the bifurcated pipe was effectively eliminated by the implementation of guide vanes,which was based on the establishment of the numerical calculation model for the complex flow pattern of large-scale bifurcated pipes in the present paper.The validity and accuracy of the numerical results were verified by comparing it with experimental data.Specifically,for different flow cases in branch pipe,the optimized flow of the main pipe is smooth,and the maximum flow velocity is located near the bend of the branch pipe.The vortex flow patterns on both sides of the bifurcation rib and spiral flow phenomenon in the branch pipe have essentially eliminated after optimization.For the 3-unit double-side and 2-unit single-side operating cases,only a small amount of rib plate flow is formed due to the non-uniform flow rates in the two branches.It has been proven that the optimized scheme of multi-guide vanes can effectively mitigate and eliminate the occurrence of spiral flow,while also reducing hydraulic losses of the bifurcated pipe.The results can give some reference for hydraulic design of bifurcated pipes and related research fields.

关 键 词：计算流体力学 螺旋流涡带 导流叶片 水力损失 水力优化 数值研究 大型岔管 

分 类 号：TV732.43[水利工程—水利水电工程]