中国新型工业化道路:沿革、挑战与重塑  

China's New Path to Industrialization:Development,Challenges,and Renewal

作　　者：黎贵才[1] GUICAI LI(Marx School, Jilin University of Finance and Economics)

机构地区：[1]吉林财经大学马克思主义经济学研究中心

出　　处：《工信财经科技》2024年第4期10-22,共13页Review of Financial & Technological Economics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“新质生产力形成的理论基础、政策体系和实现路径的政治经济学研究”(项目编号:23&ZD070);吉林省社会科学基金重大项目“西方马克思主义劳动力市场理论的演进及借鉴研究”(项目编号:2023ZD12)。

摘　　要：改革期间的中国工业化呈现出截然不同的两种阶段性特征:一是1979—1998年的“劳动密集型”;二是1998年至今的“资本深化型”。就工业化效率而言,前者来自于资源配置效率的改进,后者来自于动态规模效益。“资本深化型”工业化能否得以维系,从内生因素看,取决于“资本深化型”工业化所获得的动态规模效益是否足以阻止资本边际报酬的下降;从外部环境方面看,则有赖于本土工业能否提升自主创新能力,以摆脱对西方发达资本主义国家的技术依附、淘汰落后产能。从目前工业化的运行情况看,这两者都不乐观。要克服“资本深化型”工业化模式的局限性,发展新质生产力以开辟新型工业化道路,是当前的唯一选择。During the reform period,China's industrialization went through two phases with distinctive characteristics,the "labor-intensive" phase from 1979 to 1998 and the "capital deepening" phase from 1998to the present.In terms of industrialization efficiency,the former was due to improved resource allocation,while the latter stemmed from dynamic economies of scale.The sustainability of the "capital deepening" phase depends intrinsically on whether the dynamic economies of scale generated are sufficient to offset the decline in the marginal returns on capital.Externally,it hinges on the ability of local industries to enhance their independent innovation capabilities,breaking free from technological dependence on Western capitalist nations and phasing out outdated production capacities.The current trajectory of industrialization suggests that both aspects are less than promising.Overcoming the limitations of the "capital deepening" model and cultivating new forms of productivity to forge a new path for industrialization are the sole viable options at present.

关 键 词：资本深化 动态规模效益 新质生产力 新型工业化 

分 类 号：F424[经济管理—产业经济]