基于光学遥感的内陆地表水体提取综述  

Information extraction of inland surface water bodies based on optical remote sensing:A review

作　　者：冯思维 杨清华 贾伟洁 王梦飞 刘蕾 FENG Siwei;YANG Qinghua;JIA Weijie;WANG Mengfei;LIU Lei(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,China University of Geosciences(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China;China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Natural Resources,Beijing 100083,China;China National Geological&Mining Corporation,Beijing 100020,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(北京)地球科学与资源学院,北京100083 [2]中国自然资源航空物探遥感中心,北京100083 [3]中国地质矿业有限公司,北京100020

出　　处：《自然资源遥感》2024年第3期41-56,共16页Remote Sensing for Natural Resources

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“湿地植被光合有效辐射吸收比例遥感反演方法研究”(编号:42271408)资助。

摘　　要：内陆地表水体包括江河、湖泊、水库等,是人类和生态系统的重要淡水资源,其监测、管控具有重要意义。光学遥感技术为地表水资源监测提供了极大便利,是内陆地表水体提取与动态监测的重要手段。文章从水体提取的基本原理、遥感数据源、提取方法和存在问题与展望4个方面进行评述。水体在遥感影像上具有独特的特征,通过遥感手段能够精确、科学、有效地提取内陆地表水体;多种遥感数据源可用于水体提取;光学遥感水体提取方法可分为阈值法、分类器方法、面向对象方法、深度学习方法和其他方法,不同的方法有不同的优缺点和适用条件,根据研究区情况,合理选择多源数据、结合多种方法往往能够提高水体提取的精度;基于光学遥感的水体提取目前仍然存在一些问题,例如遥感数据时空分辨率的制衡、水体特征的挖掘、水体模型的泛化能力以及精度评价标准的统一性等。Inland surface water bodies,including rivers,lakes,and reservoirs,are significant freshwater resources for human beings and ecology,and their monitoring and control are greatly significant.Optical remote sensing provides great convenience for the monitoring of surface water resources,proving to be an important means for the information extraction and dynamic monitoring of inland surface water bodies.This study reviews the basic principles,remote sensing data sources,methods,existing issues,and prospects of the information extraction of water bodies.Owing to the unique characteristics of the remote sensing images of inland surface water bodies,their information can be extracted in an accurate,scientific,and effective manner using remote sensing.Multiple remote sensing data resources can be applied to the information extraction,and the optical remote sensing-based extraction methods include the threshold value method,classifier method,object orientation method,and deep learning method.Given that different methods have unique advantages,disadvantages,and applicable conditions,selecting appropriate multi-source data and varying methods based on the conditions of study areas tend to improve the information extraction accuracy.Nevertheless,there still exist some issues in the optical remote sensing-based water body information extraction,such as the balance of spatiotemporal resolution of remote sensing data,the information mining of water body characteristics,the generalization ability of water body models,and the uniformity of criteria for accuracy evaluation.

关 键 词：光学遥感 水体提取 数据源 提取方法 

分 类 号：TP79[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]