阶梯式平衡功能训练对老年髋关节置换术后患者平衡功能和跌倒恐惧的影响  

The effects of stepwise balance training program on balance ability and fear of falling in elderly patients following total hip arthroplasty

作　　者：刘婷婷 LIU Tingting(Orthopedics Department,Taihe Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Anhui University of Chinese Medicine,Fuyang 236600,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽中医药大学附属太和中医院骨伤科,安徽阜阳236600

出　　处：《安徽医学》2024年第8期1028-1033,共6页Anhui Medical Journal

基　　金：安徽省红十字会中医药传承创新发展研究项目(编号:2022ZYYD11)。

摘　　要：目的探讨阶梯式平衡功能训练在老年髋关节置换术患者中的应用效果。方法便利选取2021年1月至2023年6月安徽省中医药大学附属太和中医院进行单侧全髋关节置换术的70例老年患者,按照随机数字表法分为试验组和对照组,每组各35例。对照组采用常规护理和术后康复训练,试验组在常规护理基础上实施阶梯式平衡功能训练,连续12周。干预后,采用Berg平衡量表(BBS)、Harris髋关节功能评分量表(HHS)和修订版跌倒效能量表(MFES)评价效果。结果两组患者手术前后BBS评分呈先降后升趋势,HHS评分呈上升趋势,时间效应差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同干预方法BBS、HHS评分不同,组间效应差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);BBS、HHS评分在组间和时间的交互效应差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组MEFS评分随时间变化而变化,不同干预方法MEFS评分也不同,且MEFS评分在组间和时间的交互效应差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。入院时、首次床旁站立、出院前1天、术后2周,两组BBS、HHS评分差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),两组MEFS评分在入院时差异亦无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后4、12周,试验组BBS、HHS和MEFS评分高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论阶梯式平衡功能训练可有效提高老年髋关节置换术后患者平衡能力和髋关节功能,降低其跌倒恐惧心理。Objective To explore the effect of a stepwise balance training in elderly patients following total hip arthroplasty.Methods From January 2021 to June 2023,a total of 70 elderly patients following total hip arthroplasty in Taihe Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Anhui University of Chinese Medicine were recruited and randomly divided into the experimental group and control group according to the random number table method,with 35 cases in each group.The control group received routine nursing and postoperative rehabilitation training,while the experimental group was given stepwise balance training program based on the routine nursing care for 12 weeks.After intervention,the effect was assessed by Berg balance scale(BBS),Harris hip score(HHS)and Modified fall efficacy scale(MFES).Results The BBS scores between two groups showed a decreased first and then increased trend pre-and post-surgical treatment,whileHHS scores showed a increased trend,and the differences in time effects were statistically significant(P<0.05);different intervention methods had different BBS and HHS scores,and the differences in group effects were statistically significant(P<0.05);the differences in group-by-time interaction effects were statistically significant(P<0.05).The MEFS scores changedover time,and different intervention methods had different MEFS scores;meanwhile,the interaction effects of MEFS scores between groups and time were statistically significant(P<0.05).There were no statistically significant differences in BBS,HHS scores between the two groups at admission,first bedside standing,one day before discharge,andtwo weeks after operation(P>0.05);the differences in MEFS scores between thetwo groups at admission had no statistically significant differences either(P>0.05).At the time of admission,first bedside standing,one day before discharge,two weeks after operation,the BBS,HHS,MEFS scores in the experimental group were higher than thosein the control group,andthe differences were statistically significant(P<

关 键 词：阶梯式训练 平衡功能 髋关节置换术 老年人 跌倒恐惧 

分 类 号：R473.6[医药卫生—护理学]