破产法修改中的重整制度  

A Study on the Reorganization in the Revision of the Bankruptcy Law of China

作　　者：王欣新 WANG Xinxin

机构地区：[1]湘潭大学 [2]中国人民大学法学院

出　　处：《苏州大学学报（法学版）》2024年第3期12-24,共13页Journal of Soochow University：Law Edition

摘　　要：破产法规定的重整程序在司法实践中发挥挽救重要企业作用的同时,也逐步显现出其存在的制度不足与缺陷,需进行修订。法院受理债权人提出的清算申请后,应允许其他债权人申请转换重整程序。债务人申请破产清算后,仍有权申请转换重整程序。法院对重整申请应进行识别审查,对明显不具有挽救价值和可能者应不予受理。重整计划提交期限应适当延长,以应对投资人招聘难等困境。要强化管理人的信息披露义务,并建立争议解决、责任追究等制度。因无法列示穷尽法律上和实践中的不同权益组别,法律对重整计划表决分组的规定应为指导性。权益不因重整计划受到不利影响的债权人等利害关系人不参与表决。法院对重整计划的正常批准或强制批准,都必须审查并保障反对组别及同意组别中反对者个人享有的法定清偿权利。至少应有一个债权人组表决通过重整计划,法院方可强制批准。强制批准重整计划应设有听证及异议救济程序。立法应限制重整计划二次表决的间隔期间。二次表决前,可以协商调整原表决通过组别的清偿权利,但应保障受不利影响组别均享有表决权。破产法应对于未及时申报债权之债权人,在重整计划执行完毕后依同类债权清偿条件向债务人行使权利,予以严格限制。立法应在因法律政策调整、市场情况变化等导致重整计划无法执行时,设置计划变更制度。While the reorganization procedure of the bankruptcy law plays an important role in the rescue of enterprises in judicial practice,it also gradually shows its institutional deficiencies and defects.The court shall conduct an identification review of the reorganization application,and shall not accept the cases if it is obviously not salvage valuable.The deadline for submitting the reorganization plan should be appropriately extended to cope with difficulties in recruiting investors.It is necessary to strengthen the information disclosure obligations of bankruptcy trustees,and establish systems for dispute resolution and accountability.Since it is not possible to list the different groups of rights and interests in law and practice,the provisions of the law on the voting groups of the reorganization plan should be instructive.The court must review and protect the statutory rights of the opposing group and the individual objectors in the consent group for the normal or compulsory approval of the reorganization plan.At least one group of creditors must vote to approve the reorganization plan before the court can cram down the plan.Craming down the plan shall be subject to hearing and opposition relief procedures.The legislation should limit the interval between the second vote on the reorganization plan.The bankruptcy law should strictly restrict the provisions that allow creditors who fail to declare their claims on time to exercise their rights against the debtor in accordance with the conditions for repayment of similar claims after the completion of the implementation of the reorganization plan.Legislation should set up a plan change system when the implementation of the reorganization plan cannot be carried out due to legal policy adjustments,changes in market conditions,etc.

关 键 词：企业破产法 重整制度 转换重整申请权 管理人信息披露义务 重整计划变更制度 

分 类 号：D922.291.92[政治法律—经济法学]