数字经济提升了生态效率吗?——基于生态足迹的实证检验  

Has the Digital Economy Improved Ecological Efficiency?Empirical Test Based on Ecological Footprint

作　　者：唐平[1] 杨德林 TANG Ping;YANG De-lin(School of Finance,Chongqing Technology and Business University,Chongqing 400067,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆工商大学金融学院,重庆400067

出　　处：《西部论坛》2024年第4期50-65,共16页West Forum

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目(21BGL060);重庆市社会科学规划项目(2022NDYB44);重庆市教育委员会人文社会科学研究重点项目(23SKGH152)。

摘　　要：实现可持续发展需要提高生态效率,即以最少的资源占用实现最大的经济产出。数字经济具有较高的经济效率和较强的绿色属性,可以在增加经济产出的同时减少资源占用,从而提高生态效率。采用2011—2019年30个省份的面板数据,以人均GDP与人均生态足迹之比测度生态效率,分析发现:数字经济显著提升了生态效率,生产效率和产业结构在其中发挥了部分中介作用,即数字经济能够通过提高生产效率和促进产业结构升级来提升生态效率;数字经济对生态效率的影响具有非线性特征(门槛效应),表现为随着数字经济发展水平和生产效率的提高而增强;数字经济对生态效率的影响存在地区和时间异质性,表现为对资源型地区的影响较小、在推进“数字中国”建设后(2015年之后)影响较大。此外,数字经济对生态效率的提升作用主要源自促进人均GDP增长,但当数字经济发展水平较高时,其抑制人均生态足迹增加的作用也开始显现。因此,应积极推动数字经济发展,并重视和增强数字经济在减少资源占用和环境污染方面的功效,以更有效地提高生态效率。Human social development has made ecological carrying capacity more fragile and sensitive,exacerbating the“butterfly effect”of expanding ecological footprints.However,the development of the digital economy has improved ecological efficiency,providing new opportunities to balance human social development and environmental protection.Nevertheless,existing literature lacks in-depth research on measuring ecological efficiency from the perspective of the balance between economic output and ecological footprint.In particular,it lacks thorough analysis of how the development of the digital economy affects ecological efficiency by embedding production efficiency and upgrading industrial structure at a deeper level of inherent logic.This paper believes that the rapid development of the digital economy plays an important role in achieving harmonious coexistence between humans and nature and enhancing ecological efficiency.Based on the provincial panel data from 2011 to 2019 in China,using the ecological footprint model and entropy-weighted TOPSIS method to respectively calculate the changes in the ecological footprint and the level of digital economic development in each province of China,and using per capita economic output and ecological footprint to measure ecological efficiency,this paper empirically tests the impact of the digital economy on ecological efficiency.The research found that the development of China’s digital economy has significantly improved the ecological efficiency of various regions.Mechanism tests show that the promotion effect of China’s digital economy development on ecological efficiency can be achieved through the mediation of production efficiency and industrial structure upgrades;threshold tests show that the higher the level of development of China’s digital economy,the stronger the enhancing effect on ecological efficiency,but under different production efficiency and industrial structure conditions,the impact of the digital economy on ecological efficiency is either a single thresh

关 键 词：数字经济 生态效率 生态足迹 经济产出 资源占用 生产效率 产业结构 

分 类 号：F205[经济管理—国民经济] F062