1948年平津高校师生拒绝美援救济品运动述论  

A Discussion on the Movement of University Teachers and Students in Beiping and Tianjin Region Rejecting American Relief Supplies in 1948

作　　者：秦立海[1] QIN Li-hai

机构地区：[1]天津大学马克思主义学院

出　　处：《北京社会科学》2024年第8期36-47,共12页Social Sciences of Beijing

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目(17BDJ046)——国际关系视域下的1948年中国“反美扶日”运动研究。

摘　　要：拒绝美援救济品运动是1948年平津高校师生“反美扶日”运动的重要组成部分,目的是为了抗议美国驻华使节对中国学生的侮辱和威胁,维护中国人民的尊严和气节。它之所以发生在平津地区,是因为美国中华救济团在平津实施的一项为学生补充营养的紧急救济计划,这使平津高校师生找到了维护尊严与维持生活之间的平衡点。当时所拒绝的美援救济品主要是美国中华救济团提供的作为学生营养补助品的鸡蛋和豆浆,而非维生必需品。这是平津高校师生在维护尊严与维持生活之间努力寻求平衡的一种无奈选择和抗争,其象征意义大于实质意义。它反映了平津高校师生“不食嗟来之食”的骨气,收到了一定积极效果,是一项值得肯定的正义之举。The movement of rejecting American relief supplies was an important component of the 1948“Anti-American support to Japan”movement among university teachers and students in Beiping and Tianjin Region,with the purpose of protesting the insult and threat of the American diplomatic envoy to Chinese students and safeguarding the dignity and integrity of the Chinese people.The reason why this movement took place in Beiping and Tianjin Region was that an emergency relief program implemented by the American rescue team for China in Beiping and Tianjin Region for students to supplement nutrition,thus university teachers and students in Beiping and Tianjin Region found a balance between maintaining dignity and life.The relief supplies rejected were eggs and soy milk provided by the American rescue team for China as nutrition supplements for students,rather than the necessities for sustaining life.This movement was a helpless choice and struggle for university teachers and students in Beiping and Tianjin Region to found a balance between maintaining dignity and life,and its symbolic significance was more than substantive significance.However,this movement reflected the backbone that“Don't stoop to accept food handouts”of university teachers and students in Beiping and Tianjin Region,and has received certain positive effects,which was a righteous deed worth of affirmation.

关 键 词：平津高校师生 “反美扶日” 美援救济品 中美关系 

分 类 号：K266[历史地理—历史学]