基于新型SQM的GNSS欺骗式干扰检测技术  

A novel GNSS spoofing interference detection technology based on SQM

作　　者：邓敏[1,2] 廖欣璐 郭莹莹 姚志强 DENG Min;LIAO Xinlu;GUO Yingying;YAO Zhiqiang(School of Automation and Electronic Information,Xiangtan University,Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Credible Intelligent Navigation and Positioning,Xiangtan 411105,China;Hunan National Center for Applied Mathematics in Hunan,Xiangtan 411105,China)

机构地区：[1]湘潭大学自动化与电子信息学院智能可信导航与定位湖南省重点实验室,湖南湘潭411105 [2]湖南国家应用数学中心,湖南湘潭411105

出　　处：《全球定位系统》2024年第4期56-65,共10页Gnss World of China

基　　金：湖南创新型省份建设专项经费资助(2023GK1040);湖南省教育厅项目(22C0055);国家自然科学基金青年项目(62103348)。

摘　　要：GNSS在基础设施应用的定位、导航、授时领域具有重要的战略意义.鉴于GNSS信号落地功率极低、民码结构透明等特点,民用卫星信号极易受到干扰和欺骗攻击,使得GNSS在获得广泛应用的同时也受到严重的干扰问题.本文针对传统信号质量监测(signal quality monitoring,SQM)检测量检测概率低和可靠性差的问题,提出一种无需使用跟踪支路载波相位信息的新型SQM检测量,将检测数据值进行滑动平均处理,减少异常波动值造成检测虚警率增高的情况,并推导了检测量的统计分布特性,设置在无先验信息下的计算门限与测量门限,能够避免出现在欺骗与真实导航卫星信号相对载波相位为π的整数倍时,检测失效的情况.在美国德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校的公共数据库TEXBAT(texas spoofing test battery)的实采信号上进行的对比实验结果表明,所提基于I、Q支路能量变化的双重门限SQM检测算法在不同实采信号场景下均能够在较短的时间内以较优的准确度检测出欺骗攻击.研究成果对未来抗欺骗通信设备开发具有一定的参考价值,不仅能够有效提高检测性能,且无需对接收机硬件结构进行大规模的改变.进行大规模的改变.The Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)plays a strategic role in positioning,navigation,and timing in infrastructure application.Given the characteristics of GNSS signals such as extremely low landing power and transparent civil code structure,civil satellite signals are extremely vulnerable to interference and spoofing attacks,which makes GNSS suffer from serious interference problems.In this paper,to address the problems of low detection probability and poor reliability of traditional SQM(signal quality monitoring)detection quantities,we propose a new type of SQM detection quantities without the carrier phase information of tracking loop.Then,the metric values are moving averaged to reduce the effect of abnormal fluctuation value on the false alarm probability.Besides,the statistical distribution characteristic of the proposed metric is derived.The computation threshold and measurement threshold without a priori information are set up.The proposed method can avoid the failure detection when the relative carrier phases of spoofing and authorized satellite navigation signal are integer multiples ofπ.The comparison experimental results based on the public database with real measured signals of TEXBAT(texas spoofing test battery)show that the proposed algorithm is able to detect spoofing attacks with better accuracy in a shorter time under different real signal scenarios.The research results are valuable for the development of anti-spoofing communication devices in the future to improve the detection performance effectively without making large-scale changes to the hardware structure of the receiver.

关 键 词：全球导航卫星系统(GNSS) 干扰检测 欺骗攻击 SQM检测量 测量门限 

分 类 号：P228[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程] TN972.3[天文地球—测绘科学与技术]