公路边坡GFS生态防护基材力学与水稳特性  

Mechanical and Water Stability Characteristics of Highway Slope GFS Ecological Protection Substrate

作　　者：许飞 王耿 尹晓晴 包含[2] 曹占强 葛亚军 敖新林 郑涵 XU Fei;WANG Geng;YIN Xiao-qing;BAO Han;CAO Zhan-qiang;GE Ya-jun;AO Xin-lin;ZHENG Han(Beijing Capital Environmental Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100028,China;School of Highway,Chang'an University,Xi'an 710064,Shaanxi,China;School of Water and Environment,Chang'an University,Xi'an 710064,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]北京首创环境科技有限公司,北京100028 [2]长安大学公路学院,陕西西安710064 [3]长安大学水利与环境学院,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《地球科学与环境学报》2024年第4期544-556,共13页Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42041006,42077265,41927806);陕西省重点研发计划项目(2023-YBSF-486);陕西省科学技术协会青年人才托举计划项目(20220707);西安市未央区科技和工业信息化局项目(202120)。

摘　　要：裸露边坡在降雨和坡面径流作用下易发生冲蚀和垮塌,对坡面防护基材的力学和水稳特性提出了更高要求。在引入瓜尔豆胶、木纤维以及保水剂等功能材料的基础上,通过开展直剪试验、崩解试验、渗透试验、植生试验以及边坡模型冲刷试验,对比分析不同配比条件下瓜尔豆胶-纤维改性土新型生态防护基材(GFS)的力学强度和水稳能力,并采用响应面法与微观试验探究不同添加材料对基材性能的影响程度。结果表明:①功能材料均存在最优掺量使其对基材力学强度和水稳能力的强化效果达到最佳,最优掺量分别为瓜尔豆胶1.0%,木纤维1.5%,保水剂0.1%;②瓜尔豆胶和木纤维增强基材的抗剪强度,保水剂改善基材的水土保持能力,基材抗剪强度随瓜尔豆胶和木纤维掺量的增加先增大后减小;③功能材料的合理配置大幅度提升了基材的水稳能力,瓜尔豆胶配合适量的木纤维显著抑制了基材的崩解,保水剂增加了基材的有效含水量,降低了其饱和渗透系数;④功能材料对基材黏聚力、抗崩解能力以及渗透性能的影响程度表现为瓜尔豆胶最大,其次是木纤维,保水剂影响程度相对最小。Under the action of rainfall and slope runoff,the exposed slopes are prone to erosion and collapse,which are put forward higher requirements for the mechanical and water stability of slope protection substrate.Based on the introduction of GFS functional materials such as guar gum,wood fiber and super absorbent polymer(SAP),the mechanical strength and water stability of the ecological substrate under different proportions were compared through direct shear test,disintegration test,penetration test,planting test and slope model erosion test.Meanwhile,the response surface methodology and microscopic test were used to explore the influence degree of different additive materials on the performance of substrate.The results show that①there are optimal contents of functional materials to enhance the mechanical strength and water stability of substrate;the optimal contents are 1.0%guar gum,1.5%wood fiber and 0.1%SAP.②The guar gum and wood fiber enhance the shear strength of substrate,SAP improves the soil and water retention capacity of substrate,the shear strength of substrate first increases and then decreases with the increase of guar gum and wood fiber contents.③The rational addition of functional materials significantly improve the water stability of substrate;guar gum in combination with an appropriate amount of wood fiber effectively inhibits the disintegration of substrate;SAP increases the effective moisture content of substrate and reduces its saturated permeability coefficient.④The influence degree of functional materials on the cohesion,disintegration resistance and permeability of substrate is consistent,which are guar gum,wood fiber,and SAP in the descending order.

关 键 词：生态防护 生态基材 力学强度 水稳性能 响应面法 生态功能 电镜扫描 核磁共振 

分 类 号：P642.1[天文地球—工程地质学] U416.1[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]