生产方式的展开与人的自由解放——重新理解唯物史观的历史性生成与意义  

The Unleashing of the Mode of Production and the Freedom and Emancipation of Mankind:Re-evaluating the Historical Generation and Significance of Historical Materialism

作　　者：冯旺舟[1] FENG Wangzhou

机构地区：[1]中南财经政法大学马克思主义学院,湖北武汉430073

出　　处：《学习与实践》2024年第8期3-12,共10页Study and Practice

基　　金：2023年中南财经政法大学中央高校基本科研业务费项目“21世纪新帝国主义批判理论研究”(项目编号:2722023BY001)。

摘　　要：马克思恩格斯对人类创造历史的考察,是聚焦于社会生产方式展开的。在《德意志意识形态》中,马克思恩格斯深入揭示了人类社会发展的四重关系——生产物质生活资料的关系、满足人类物质生活的需要以及满足这种需要引发的新的需要的关系、生命的生产即繁殖关系和生产力与生产关系之间的辩证关系。唯物史观的历史性生成即是建立在以上四重关系的基础之上的。唯物史观还深刻阐释了人类历史发展的三个共同体阶段——自然形成的共同体、虚幻共同体和真正的共同体阶段。马克思恩格斯认为,只有到真正的共同体阶段——共产主义社会,人类才会最终消灭私有制和劳动分工,实现人的自由解放。Marx and Engels's examination of human history focused on the mode of social production.In The German Ideology,Marx and Engels have deeply revealed the four-fold relationships of human social development:the relationship of the production of material means of subsistence,the relationship between the satisfaction of human material needs and the emergence of new needs as a result of satisfying such needs,the relationship of reproduction,the dialectical relationship between productive forces and production relations.Historical materialism is a historically generative process,which builds on the above four relationships.The historical materialism also sheds light on the three stages of community in the development of human history:the naturally formed community,the illusory community,and the true community.Marx and Engels posited that only at the stage of the true community-the communist society-would mankind finally eliminate private ownership and the division of labour and achieve the freedom and emancipation of mankind.

关 键 词：唯物史观 劳动分工 《德意志意识形态》 《资本论》 

分 类 号：A81[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学]