一种适用于半互质阵的高精度波达方向估计方法  

A High Precision Direction of Arrival Estimation Method Applied to Semi-Coprime Arrays

作　　者：梁国龙 滕远鑫[1,2,3] 王晋晋 付进 LIANG Guolong;TENG Yuanxin;WANG Jinjin;FU Jin(National Key Laboratory of Underwater Acoustic Technology,Harbin Engineering University,Harbin 150001,China;Key Laboratory of Marine Information Acquisition and Security(Harbin Engineering University),Ministry of Industry and Information Technology,Harbin 150001,China;College of Underwater Acoustic Engineering,Harbin Engineering University,Harbin 150001,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工程大学水声技术全国重点实验室,哈尔滨150001 [2]海洋信息获取与安全工信部重点实验室(哈尔滨工程大学)工业和信息化部,哈尔滨150001 [3]哈尔滨工程大学水声工程学院,哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《电子与信息学报》2024年第8期3228-3237,共10页Journal of Electronics & Information Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(62101153);水声技术重点实验室稳定支持(JCKYS2021604SSJS003)。

摘　　要：在半互质阵列(SCA)下,经典波达方向估计(DoA)算法在面对邻近相干信源时估计性能退化。为了解决该问题,该文提出一种适用于半互质阵列的高精度波达方向估计方法。首先,将半互质阵划分为3个均匀线阵并利用常规波束形成算法对子阵1、子阵2和子阵3的阵列输出信号进行处理;然后,对子阵3的输出信号进行加权后与子阵1,2的输出信号加和构建和波束,利用子阵1与子阵2的输出信号做差构建差波束;最后,将上述和差波束做差得到最终输出信号,计算最终信号的功率得到方位谱。该方法基于半互质阵列特点构建和差波束,充分利用了3个子阵的重叠阵元实现估计精度的提高。通过仿真和湖上实测数据验证表明,该方法可以适用于半互质阵列实现波达方向估计,并且在面对邻近相干信源时其波达方向估计性能优于最小方差无失真估计算法(MVDR)和最小处理算法(MP)。For Semi-Coprime Arrays(SCA),the performance of classical Direction of Arrival(DoA)estimation algorithm degrades under the presence of coherent adjacent sources.To address this problem,a high-precison DoA estimation method for SCA is proposed.Firstly,the array is divided into three subarrays(Subarray 1 to 3 respectively).And conventional beamforming algorithm is applied to obtain the signals of the three subarrays,respectively.Then,the output signal of subarray 3 is weighted and added to the output signals of subarray 1 and 2 to construct one sum beam.Meanwhile,the difference between output signals of subarray 1 and subarray 2 is used to construct one difference beam.Finally,the final output signal is obtained by the sum beam signal and the difference beam signal.The azimuth spectrum is the power of the final output signal.This method is based on the characteristic of SCA arrays to construct sum beam and difference beam,fully utilizing the overlapping sensors of the three subarrays to improve estimation accuracy.Simulations and lake experiments are implemented to validate the effectiveness for the proposed method used for DoA estimation in SCA.The proposed method performs better than the existing approaches,such as Minimum Variance Distortionless Response(MVDR)and Min Processing(MP)when facing adjacent coherent sources.

关 键 词：波达方向估计 半互质阵列 邻近相干信源 波束形成 

分 类 号：TN911.7[电子电信—通信与信息系统]