基于三维数值仿真的球式配流阀阀口空化流场特性研究  

Study on Cavitation Flow Dynamics of Ball Valve Port Based on 3D Numerical Simulation

作　　者：陈誉 朱天龙 吴柳杰 张晋[2] 孙宝林 CHEN Yu;ZHU Tianlong;WU Liujie;ZHANG Jin;SUN Baolin(School of Mechanical Engineering,Nanjing Institute of Technology,Nanjing Jiangsu 211100,China;College of Mechanical Engineering,Yanshan University,Qinhuangdao Hebei 066000,China;Ningbo Saifu Automotive Brake Co.,Ltd.,Ningbo Zhejiang 315000,China)

机构地区：[1]南京工程学院机械工程学院,江苏南京211100 [2]燕山大学机械工程学院,河北秦皇岛066000 [3]宁波赛福汽车制动有限公司,浙江宁波315000

出　　处：《机床与液压》2024年第15期158-164,共7页Machine Tool & Hydraulics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(52275068);河北省高层次人才项目(B2022003022);南京工程学院高层次引进人才科研启动基金项目(YKJ202131)。

摘　　要：针对球式配流阀在配流过程中阀口出现的空化问题,建立三维流域仿真模型。结合Zwart-Gerber-Belamri空化模型和湍流黏度修正后的重整化群κ-ε湍流模型对球式配流阀空化现象进行数值模拟,通过典型工况下流场体积分数云图与气相等值面图,揭示阀口空化强度及空泡形态的周期性演变规律,并基于速度场和压力场分析,阐明空化周期性演变过程中的流场特性。同时探究阀口开度、入口压力和背压对空化流场的影响规律。结果表明:球式配流阀阀口空化特性受开度影响,开度越大,空化范围与强度越小,周期性的空化流场演变在开度超过0.3 mm后不再出现;背压的增高使空化区尾部无法向出口发展,抑制了流场空化范围,同时降低了流场周期性脉动频率;增大入口压力将加快阀口空化初生速率,当开度超过0.4 mm后,入口压力对阀口空化强度影响减弱。Aiming at the cavitation phenomenon of valve port in the flow distribution process of ball valve,a 3D computational fluid dynamics model of the flow domain was established.The Zwart-Gerber-Belamri cavitation model and the renormalization groupκ-εturbulence model with turbulence viscosity correction were integrated to numerically simulate the cavitation phenomenon.In a typical condition,volume fraction contours and gas iso-surface were used to reveal the periodic evolution of cavitation intensity and bubble shape near the valve port.Relevant flow characteristics in this process were elucidated by analyzing the velocity and pressure fields.Additionally,the influences of valve opening,inlet pressure and back pressure on cavitation flow field were also investigated.The results show that the cavitation characteristics in the ball valve are affected by its opening.As the opening increases,the cavitation range and intensity decrease,and the periodic evolution of the cavitation flow disappears when the opening exceeds 0.3 mm.Increasing back pressure prevents the cavitation tail from extending towards the outlet,reducing both the cavitation range and the frequency of the flow evolution.Higher inlet pressure accelerates the initial formation of cavitation at the valve port.However,after the opening exceeds 0.4 mm,the inlet pressure seldom affects the cavitation intensity.

关 键 词：球式配流阀 空化 流场演变 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TH137.52[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]