醋酸纤维素对PVC/CPVC共混平板膜的改性分析  

Modification analysis of cellulose acetate on PVC/CPVC blended flat sheet membranes

作　　者：黄信翔 钱建华[1] 许玉琦 范洋瑞 HUANG Xinxiang;QIAN Jianhua;XU Yuqi;FAN Yangrui(College of Textile Science and Engineering(International Institute of Silk),Zhejiang Sci-tech University,Hangzhou 310018,China;Hubei Province Fiber Bureau,Wuhan 430000,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江理工大学纺织科学与工程学院(国际丝绸学院),杭州310018 [2]湖北省纤维检验局,武汉430000

出　　处：《现代纺织技术》2024年第8期67-74,共8页Advanced Textile Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(21706238)。

摘　　要：以聚氯乙烯(PVC)和氯化聚氯乙烯(CPVC)为基膜材料,选用酯化度不同的醋酸纤维素(CA和CDA)为改性剂,并以N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(DMAC)为溶剂,采用相转化法制备PVC/CPVC/CA和PVC/CPVC/CDA两种共混平板膜。在不同共混比下,分析两种共混平板膜的剪切黏度、红外光谱、表面形貌和截面形貌、纯水通量、截留率和通量恢复率,并比较CA酯化度对共混平板膜性能的影响。结果表明:PVC/CPVC/CA共混比为70/10/20时膜的综合性能最好,其纯水接触角为54.11°,水通量为55.78 L/(m^(2)·h),对0.1 g/L BSA溶液的截留率为64.67%,通量恢复率为55.92%;PVC/CPVC/CDA共混比为65/10/25时膜的综合性能最好,其纯水接触角为53.34°,水通量为91.21 L/(m^(2)·h),对0.1 g/L BSA溶液的截留率为90.85%,通量恢复率为56.93%。研究结果发现,改性膜各方面性能较未改性膜有了显著的提升,说明醋酸纤维素可以有效改善膜的亲水性能和耐污染性。Nowadays,polyvinyl chloride(PVC)is one of the commonly used membrane materials and it has good acid and alkali resistance and mechanical properties.However,the film-forming performance of PVC membranes is not very ideal currently,since the formed membrane has characteristics of strong hydrophobicity,low water flux,and poor toughness.Therefore,it is necessary to modify it to improve its hydrophilicity.Chlorinated polyvinyl chloride(CPVC)is obtained by deep chlorination of polyvinyl chloride,and it has better mechanical properties and thermal stability than PVC materials.Cellulose acetate is an acetate prepared by the reaction of cellulose with acetic anhydride mixture(or acetyl chloride).It has the advantages of excellent hydrophilicity and biocompatibility.Therefore,the blending modification of the three substances can improve the hydrophilicity and pollution resistance of the membrane,and provide certain toughness.PVC/CPVC/CA were prepared by phase transformation method,and the shear viscosity,infrared spectrum,surface morphology,cross section morphology,pure water flux,retention rate and flux recovery rate of the blend membranes at different blending ratios were studied.At the same time,the effect of esterification degree on the properties of the blended membranes was also studied.The results showed that the three materials had certain compatibility and could form a separation membrane with good performance when mixed in a certain proportion.The comprehensive performance was the best when the blending ratio of PVC/CPVC/CA was 70/10/20.Under this condition,when the pressure reached 0.1 Mpa,the water flux was 55.78 L/(m^(2)·h),the retention rate for 0.1 g/L BSA solution was 64.67%,the flux recovery rate was 55.92%.And the comprehensive performance was the best when the blending ratio of PVC/CPVC/CDA was 65/10/25.When the pressure reached 0.1 MPa,the water flux was 91.21 L/(m^(2)·h),the retention rate for 0.1 g/L BSA solution was 90.85%and the flux recovery rate was 56.93%.The results showed that the hydrophilic

关 键 词：醋酸纤维素 亲水性 水通量 截留率 耐污染性 

分 类 号：TQ028.8[化学工程]