北京大学首钢医院发热门诊1223例患者临床资料分析  

Clinical Data Analysis of 1223 Patients in Fever Outpatient Department of Peking University Shougang Hospital

作　　者：史雪敏 张丽梅 宁武 SHI Xuemin;ZHANG Limei;NING Wu(Department of Infectious Diseases,Peking University Shougang Hospital,Beijing 100043,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学首钢医院感染性疾病科,北京100043

出　　处：《中国卫生标准管理》2024年第15期82-85,共4页China Health Standard Management

摘　　要：目的分析发热门诊患者的流行病学特征,了解发热门诊患者发热原因和临床表现,为疾病的防治提供帮助。方法选取2022年1月—2023年1月北京大学首钢医院发热门诊收治的1223例患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,包括患者的性别、年龄、体温、发病时间以及血象等。结果1223例发热患者中男女比例为1.12∶1,各年龄段发热患者中有2个发热高峰,>15~25岁402例,占比32.87%;>25~35岁365例,占比29.84%。患者就诊数例最多的时间段为1月份,其次是2月份和12月份,发热患者的体温主要分布在38.0~38.9℃,共868例,占70.97%;发热类型主要为不规则发热,1091例,占比最高达到了89.21%;发热时间普遍为1~3 d。发热患者中的血象变化主要是中性粒细胞计数降低、淋巴细胞计数升高同时改变,共589例,占比48.16%;其次是单纯淋巴细胞降低,256例,占比20.93%。患者中有呼吸系统症状的有697例,占比56.99%;其次是泌尿系统症状,有306例患者,占比25.02%;病因诊断主要是呼吸系统疾病,有795例次,占比为65.00%。结论病毒感染是门诊发热患者就诊的主要原因,其中以呼吸系统疾病最为常见,中青年人群为主要发病群体,患者主要为中度、不规则发热,应加强呼吸道传染疾病知识的健康宣教,更好地防治疾病。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of fever outpatient patients,understand the causes and clinical manifestations of fever in fever outpatient patients,and provide assistance for disease prevention and treatment.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 1223 patients admitted to the fever clinic of Peking University Shougang Hospital from January 2022 to January 2023,including their gender,age,body temperature,onset time,and blood count.Results The male to female ratio among 1223 fever patients was 1.12:1.There were 2 fever peaks among fever patients of all ages,402 cases were>15 to 25 years old,accounting for 32.87%;365 cases were>25 to 35 years old,accounting for 29.84%.The period with the highest number of patient visits was January,followed by February and December.The body temperature of febrile patients was mainly distributed in the range of 38.0-38.9℃,with a total of 868 cases,accounting for 70.97%.The main type of fever was irregular fever,with 1091 cases,accounting for the highest proportion of 89.21%.The fever generally lasted for 1-3 days.The blood count changes in febrile patients mainly include a decrease in neutrophil count and an increase in lymphocyte count,with a total of 589 cases accounting for 48.16%,followed by a simple decrease in lymphocytes,with 256 cases accounting for 20.93%.697 patients had respiratory symptoms,accounting for 56.99%,followed by urinary system symptoms,with 306 patients,accounting for 25.02%.The main cause of diagnosis was respiratory diseases,with 795 cases,accounting for 65%.Conclusion Virus infection is the main cause of fever in outpatient clinics,with respiratory diseases being the most common,and infants,young adults,and middle-aged people being the main affected group.Patients mainly have moderate and irregular fever.Health education on respiratory infectious diseases should be strengthened to better prevent and treat the disease.

关 键 词：发热门诊 发热患者 流行病学 呼吸道传染病 发热原因 临床表现 

分 类 号：R181[医药卫生—流行病学]