骨科住院患者跌倒恐惧调查及相关因素分析  

Investigation and Related Factors of Fall Fear in Orthopedics Inpatients

作　　者：林莽市 赵海军 林珠豆 LIN Mangshi;ZHAO Haijun;LIN Zhudou(Department of Orthopedics,Xinglin Branch,the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University,Xiamen Fujian 361000,China;Department of Hematology,the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University,Xiamen Fujian 361000,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学附属第一医院杏林分院骨科,福建厦门361000 [2]厦门大学附属第一医院血液科,福建厦门361000

出　　处：《中国卫生标准管理》2024年第15期190-194,共5页China Health Standard Management

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金项目(2020J011239)。

摘　　要：目的调查骨科住院患者的跌倒恐惧现状并分析其相关因素。方法回顾性分析2023年3—10月于厦门大学附属第一医院杏林分院骨科住院的患者172例,评估患者跌倒恐惧发生情况,根据有无跌倒恐惧将172例住院患者分为跌倒恐惧组和非恐惧组,对2组一般资料(年龄、性别、文化程度等)和可能造成跌倒恐惧的因素(合并慢性病、低血糖、原发疾病等)进行信息收集,采用多因素logistic回归分析骨科住院患者跌倒恐惧的影响因素。结果调查的172例骨科住院患者中,有80例患者存在跌倒恐惧,发生率为46.51%。单因素分析显示,2组患者的性别、文化程度、婚姻情况、家庭收入、原发疾病、疼痛情况比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);2组患者的年龄、日常运动情况、合并慢性病情况、既往有跌倒史、营养状态、合并衰弱比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。采用多因素logistic回归分析显示,年龄≥65岁(β=0.752,OR=2.121,95%CI 1.366~3.369)、不常运动(β=0.623,OR=1.865,95%CI 1.223~2.842)、合并慢性病(β=0.172,OR=1.188,95%CI 1.050~1.344)、既往有跌倒史(β=0.651,OR=1.917,95%CI 1.076~3.418)、营养不良(β=0.594,OR=1.811,95%CI 1.207~2.718)、合并衰弱(β=0.312,OR=1.366,95%CI 1.112~1.678)是骨科住院患者存在跌倒恐惧的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论年龄≥65岁、不常运动、合并慢性病、既往有跌倒史、营养不良、合并衰弱是骨科住院患者存在跌倒恐惧的独立危险因素。Objective To investigate the current status of fear of falling in inpatients of the department of orthopedics and analyze its related factors.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 172 patients hospitalized in the department of orthopedics,Xinglin Branch,the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University from March to October 2023,assess the occurrence of patients'fear of falling.The 172 inpatients were divided into a fear of falling group and a non-fear group according to the presence or absence of fear of falling.Information on general data(age,gender,educational level,etc.)and factors that may cause fear of falling(comorbid chronic diseases,hypoglycemia,primary diseases,etc.)of the two groups was collected,and multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of fear of falling in inpatients of the Department of Orthopedics.Results Among the 172 orthopedic inpatients investigated,80 patients had fear of falling,with an incidence of 46.51%.Univariate analysis showed that there were no significant differences in gender,education level,marital status,family income,primary disease,and pain between the two groups(P>0.05).There were significant differences in age,daily exercise,combined chronic diseases,previous history of falls,nutritional status,and combined frailty between the two groups(P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age≥65 years(β=0.752,OR=2.121,95%CI 1.366-3.369),infrequent exercise(β=0.623,OR=1.865,95%CI 1.223-2.842),combined chronic diseases(β=0.172,OR=1.188,95%CI 1.050-1.344),previous history of falls(β=0.651,OR=1.917,95%CI 1.076-3.418),malnutrition(β=0.594,OR=1.811,95%CI 1.207-2.718),and combined frailty(β=0.312,OR=1.366,95%CI 1.112-1.678)were independent risk factors for fear of falling in orthopedic inpatients(P<0.05).Conclusion Age≥65 years,lack of regular exercise,comorbid chronic diseases,previous history of falls,malnutrition,and frailty are independent risk factors for fear of falling in orthopedic inpatients.

关 键 词：跌倒恐惧 骨科 住院患者 影响因素 临床调查 回归分析 

分 类 号：R473[医药卫生—护理学]