病由“网”生:一项关于“网络疑病症”影响因素的实验研究  

The Internet as A Source of Disease:An Experimental Study on the Influencing Factors of Cyberchondria

作　　者：郅慧 滕文强 周敏 ZHI Hui;TENG Wen-qiang;ZHOU Min

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学新闻传播学院,北京100875

出　　处：《新闻大学》2024年第7期55-73,119,共20页Journalism Research

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“圈群生态视阈下网络舆情治理现代化创新路径研究”(23BXW041)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：在互联网上过度或重复性地搜索健康信息可能会引发个体对自身不必要的健康担忧或焦虑,这种现象被称为“网络疑病症”。本研究采用2(认知闭合需要:高/低)×3(信息类型:叙事型/案例型/信息型)的实验设计,研究网络疑病症的影响因素与机制。研究发现,高认知闭合需要的个体更容易产生网络疑病症;不同信息类型对于网络疑病症的影响存在显著差异,相较于案例型和叙事型,信息型信息对网络疑病症的影响更强;网络疑病症受到认知闭合需要与信息类型的交互作用,在低认知闭合需要条件下,案例型实验组的网络疑病症程度显著低于信息型和叙事型。信息加工流畅性在个体认知闭合需要对网络疑病症的影响上发挥中介效应。在此基础上,本研究探寻网络疑病症作为互联网时代一种新兴健康风险的可能规避策略。Excessive or repetitive searches for health information on the Internet may trigger unnecessary health concerns or anxiety in individuals about their health,a phenomenon known as cyberchondria.In this study,2(need for cognitive closure:high vs.low)×3(message type:narrative vs.exemplar vs.informational messages)was used to study the influencing factors and internal mechanisms of cyberchondria.It is found that individuals with high need for cognitive closure are more likely to develop cyberchondria.The influence of different information types on cyberchondria is significantly different.Compared with exemplar and narrative,informational messages have a stronger influence on cyberchondria.Cyberchondria is influenced by the interaction between need for cognitive closure and message type.Under the condition of low cognitive closure need,the degree of cyberchondria in the group of exemplar is significantly lower than that of informational messages and narrative messages.Fluency plays a mediating effect on the influence of need for cognitive closure on cyberchondria.On this basis,this study proposes a possible avoidance strategy for online cyberchondria as an emerging health risk in the Internet era.

关 键 词：网络疑病症 信息类型 认知闭合需要 加工流畅性 

分 类 号：G209[文化科学—传播学]