HIV抗体酶联免疫试验结果的影响因素研究  

Research on the influencing factors of HIV antibody enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay results

作　　者：余顺甫 田连姣 Yu Shunfu;Tian Lianjiao(Third People's Hospital of Liupanshui City,Liupanshui,Guizhou 553000,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省六盘水市第三人民医院,贵州六盘水553000

出　　处：《首都食品与医药》2024年第16期80-82,共3页Capital Food Medicine

摘　　要：目的对HIV抗体酶联免疫试验结果的影响因素进行分析研究.方法选取2022年1月-2023年12月在六盘水市第三人民医院实施HIV抗体筛查的疑似艾滋病患者100例作为研究对象,对100例疑似艾滋病患者实施酶联免疫法检测进行初筛,结果显示阳性42例,阳性检出率为42.00%;将42例初筛阳性样本送至疾病预防控制中心进行确认,并追溯酶联免疫法检测过程,对HIV抗体结果的影响因素进行分析.结果在疾病预防控制中心采用免疫印迹法对42例疑似HIV抗体进行检验,最终确认阳性标本数量为40例,阳性检出率40.00%.追溯酶联免疫法检测过程,分析得出血液标本被污染、血液标本处理不当、血液标本出现溶血现象、试剂、操作等都会对检测结果造成影响.结论对HIV抗体采用酶联免疫法进行检测,其检测结果会受到多种因素的影响,为了避免出现假阳性、假阴性过高的情况,需要对检测流程、检测标本、检测试剂等严格按照操作要求进行,以此提高检测结果的准确性,提高检测质量.Objective To analyze and study the influencing factors of HIV antibody enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay results.Methods 100 suspected AIDS patients who were screened for HIV antibody in our hospital from January 2022 to December 2023 were selected as the research objects,and 100 suspected AIDS patients were preliminarily screened by ELISA.The results showed that 42 patients were positive,with a positive detection rate of 42.00%;send 42 initially screened positive samples to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention for confirmation,trace the process of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay testing,and analyze the influencing factors of HIV antibody results.Results Immunoblotting was used to test 42 suspected HIV antibodies in the Center for Disease Control and Prevention.The final confirmed positive sample count was 40,with a positive detection rate of 40.00%.Tracing the process of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)testing,it was found that contamination of blood samples,improper handling of blood samples,hemolysis in blood samples,reagents,and operations can all affect the test results.Conclusion Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)is used to detect HIV antibodies,and the test results are affected by various factors.In order to avoid situations where false positives and false negatives are too high,it is necessary to strictly follow the operational requirements for the testing process,test specimens,and test reagents to improve the accuracy of the test results and improve the quality of the test.

关 键 词：人类免疫缺陷病毒 酶联免疫试验 影响因素 

分 类 号：R446.1[医药卫生—诊断学]