数据要素、动态能力与企业全要素生产率——破解“数据生产率悖论”之谜  

Research on the Influence Mechanism of Data Elements on Total Factor Productivity of Enterprises:Crack the“Data Productivity Paradox”

作　　者：赵丽 胡植尧 ZHAO Li;HU Zhi‑yao(Business School,Ningbo University,Ningbo,Zhejiang,315211,China;School of Economics,University of Chinese Academy of Social Science,Beijing,102488,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波大学商学院,浙江宁波315211 [2]中国社会科学院大学经济学院,北京102488

出　　处：《经济管理》2024年第7期55-72,共18页Business and Management Journal ( BMJ )

基　　金：浙江省省属高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助“数据要素应用对企业全要素生产率影响机制研究”(SJWZ2024014)。

摘　　要：数字经济时代,数据要素成为企业实现高质量发展的重要支撑。本文以2007—2021年中国上市公司数据为样本,利用Python爬取上市公司历年年报,实证研究数据要素对企业全要素生产率的影响及机制。研究发现:数据要素提升了企业全要素生产率;数据要素通过增强包括企业适应能力、吸收能力、创新能力在内的动态能力,提升企业全要素生产率;数据要素在非国有企业、中小规模企业、高科技行业企业、中西部地区企业、成熟期企业中对全要素生产率的提升作用更大;组织赋能、环境支撑、技术驱动、战略引领与数据要素形成互补效应,提高企业全要素生产率,这在一定程度上解释是否存在“数据生产率悖论”。本文对激活数据活力,释放数据价值,触发动态能力,发挥数据要素互补效应,实现企业高质量发展提供了理论解释和经验支撑。In the era of digital economy,the large‑scale availability and low price of data make it become a key element and an important strategic resource,which contains huge economic value.The vigorous development of data elements provides new development opportunities for enterprises to break the development bottleneck,especially the non‑competitive,non‑exclusive and increasing marginal returns characteristics of data elements that are different from traditional elements have a pull on the new development mode.Data elements become an important path for enterprises to achieve high‑quality development.This paper takes the data of listed companies in China from 2007 to 2021 as a sample,and uses Python to crawl annual reports of listed companies for empirical investigation into the impact of data elements on total factor productivity(TFP)of enterprises.The findings are as follows:(1)Data elements improve the TFP of enterprises;(2)Data elements improve the TFP of enterprises by improving their dynamic capabilities,including adaption capability,absorption and innovation capability;(3)data elements in non‑state‑owned enterprises,small and medium‑sized enterprises,high‑tech industries,enterprises in the central and western region and mature enterprises have a greater effect on the improvement of TFP;(4)Organizational empowerment,environmental support,technology‑driven,strategic guidance and data elements form complementary effects,promote enterprise TFP,which explains whether there is a“data productivity paradox”to a certain extent.The marginal contribution of this paper is reflected in the following aspects:First,the text analysis method is used to capture the relevant keywords of data elements to reflect the level of data elements.By constructing enterprise‑level data elements measurement indicators,text analysis can measure the level of enterprise data factor more fine‑grained,accurate and large‑scale.Second,it examines how data elements can improve total factor productivity by improving dynamic c

关 键 词：数据要素 企业全要素生产率 动态能力 生产率悖论 

分 类 号：F49[经济管理—产业经济]